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Chapter 9: Q. 35 (page 252)

Why is signaling in multicellular organisms more complicated than signaling in single-celled organisms?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Single-celled organisms must be bothered regarding their natural neighborhood and also the presence of various cells in the proximity, which is not the case for multicellular organisms.

Step by step solution

01

Step. 1 Introduction

Multicellular organisms are those which are composed of cells from more than just one cell, having differentiated groups of cells performing specialized functions. Unicellular organisms are those which are composed of one cell only which performs each of the organism's tasks.

02

Step. 2 Explanation

Multicellular organisms have to coordinate many distinct actions in several cell types that may be extremely far apart. Single-celled organisms are solely interested in their immediate surroundings and the existence of additional cells in the vicinity.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which type of molecule acts as a signaling molecule in yeasts?

a. steroid

b. autoinducer

c. mating factor

d. second messenger

Why are ion channels necessary to transport ions into or out of a cell?

a. Ions are too large to diffuse through the membrane.

b. Ions are charged particles and cannot diffuse through the hydrophobic interior of the membrane.

c. Ions do not need ion channels to move through the membrane.

d. Ions bind to carrier proteins in the bloodstream, which must be removed before transport into the cell.

In certain cancers, the GTPase activity of the RAS G-protein is inhibited. This means that the RAS protein can no longer hydrolyze GTP into GDP. What effect would this have on downstream cellular events?

Where do DAG and IP3 originate?

a. They are formed by phosphorylation of cAMP.

b. They are ligands expressed by signaling cells.

c. They are hormones that diffuse through the plasma

membrane to stimulate protein production.

d. They are the cleavage products of the inositol phospholipid, PIP2.

How does PKC鈥檚 signaling role change in response to growth factor signaling versus an immune response?

a. PKC interacts directly with signaling molecules in both cascades, but only exhibits kinase activity during growth factor signaling.

b. PKC interacts directly with signaling molecules in growth factor cascades, but interacts with signaling inhibitors during immune signaling.

c. PKC amplifies growth factor cascades, but turns off immune cascades.

d. PKC is activated during growth factor cascades, but is inactivated during immune response cascades.
See all solutions

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