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Chapter 13: Problem 5

What are the criteria for identification of the neurotransmitter at a particular synapse? Which two criteria are sufficient to conclude that a candidate is the neurotransmitter?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The all-encompassing criteria for identifying a neurotransmitter at a synapse include that the substance should be present in the neuron, released when the neuron is active, should create a response when placed on a target, and there must be a mechanism for its removal post-activation. The two most pivotal ones are, the substance being present in or synthesized by the neuron and the substance being able to replicate the same response on the target as a naturally occurring transmitter when placed experimentally.

Step by step solution

01

List Criteria for Identification of Neurotransmitter

There are several criteria for identifying a neurotransmitter at a particular synapse. These are: \n1. The neurotransmitter substance must be synthesized in the neuron or be present in it. \n2. When the neuron is active, the neurotransmitter must be released and produce a response in some target. \n3. The same response must be obtained when the neurotransmitter is experimentally placed on the target. \n4. A mechanism must exist for removing the neurotransmitter from its site of activation after its work is done.
02

Identify Two Sufficient Criteria

Provided all the above criteria are correctly met and the necessary evidence is combined appropriately, the neurotransmitter can be identified. However, if only two criteria are to be considered, then it would be: \n1. The neurotransmitter substance must be synthesized in the neuron or be present in it. Because if the molecule isn鈥檛 produced in the neuron, it cannot be considered as its product. \n2. The same response must be obtained when the neurotransmitter is experimentally placed on the target. If the substance activates the receptor to produce the same effect as a naturally occurring transmitter, it exhibits an essential attribute of a neurotransmitter.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Do you think there is one cellular mechanism of learning and memory or several? Cite studies in Aplysia and in the mammalian hippocampus to support your answer.

Would you classify NMDA receptors as ionotropic or metabotropic? Why?

Why is it difficult to show vesicular release of neurotransmitter molecules by electron microscopy?

Why are there multiple receptor subtypes for each neurotransmitter? Why not a few receptors and lots of neurotransmitters acting on each receptor?

What are the functional advantages and disadvantages of electrical synapses?
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