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Chapter 7: Problem 11

Your knowledge of animals is most likely stored in a. short-term memory as acoustic memory traces b. short-term memory as semantic memory traces c. long-term memory as acoustic memory traces d. long-term memory as semantic memory traces

Short Answer

Expert verified
d. long-term memory as semantic memory traces

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Memory Types

First, we need to differentiate between short-term and long-term memory. Short-term memory has a limited capacity and is typically used to store information temporarily, whereas long-term memory has a much larger capacity and is used for storing information permanently. Given the general knowledge of animals, it is most likely stored in long-term memory because this information is frequently recalled and used over time.
02

Semantic vs. Acoustic Memory Traces

Next, let's define semantic and acoustic memory traces. Acoustic memory traces refer to the ability to remember sounds, while semantic memory traces involve understanding and recalling concepts, meanings, and facts. Since knowledge of animals pertains to understanding their characteristics, behaviors, and habitats, it is stored as semantic memory.
03

Linking Knowledge to Memory Type

Now, combine the memory type (long-term) with the memory trace (semantic). The general knowledge of animals is not typically associated with sounds (acoustic) but rather with facts and concepts (semantic). Therefore, the information is stored in long-term memory as semantic memory traces.
04

Selecting the Correct Answer

Having determined that knowledge of animals is stored in long-term memory and involves semantic understanding, the correct answer to the exercise is option d: long-term memory as semantic memory traces.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Short-term Memory
Short-term memory, often referred to as the working memory, is like the immediate holding area of our brain. It keeps track of information for short durations, which typically last from a few seconds to a couple of minutes.
This type of memory allows us to hold onto small pieces of information temporarily to perform tasks. For instance, if you are trying to remember a phone number long enough to dial it, you are using your short-term memory.
  • Capacity is limited, usually around 7 items, give or take a couple.
  • This memory is transient and information can be easily lost if not actively processed or rehearsed.
  • Short-term memory is necessary for activities like reasoning, comprehension, and learning.
Since this type of memory is fleeting, it's not the ideal storage for information like general knowledge of animals, which we need to retain for longer periods.
Long-term Memory
Long-term memory is a more permanent storage system in our brains. Unlike short-term memory, it holds a virtually unlimited amount of information for extended periods, ranging from years to a lifetime.
This is where we store our knowledge about the world, past experiences, skills, and learned information.
  • Information here is relatively stable and can withstand the test of time.
  • It involves various subtypes such as episodic memory (events and experiences) and procedural memory (skills and tasks).
  • The capacity of long-term memory is vast, enabling us to store countless facts and experiences.
General knowledge, like our understanding of animals, is typically stored in long-term memory since it's information we recall frequently and over long periods.
Semantic Memory
Semantic memory is a vital component of long-term memory that concerns itself with general world knowledge. It includes facts, ideas, concepts, and meanings that are not tied to personal experiences.
For example, knowing that a dog barks or the capital of France is Paris constitutes semantic memory.
Semantic memory allows us to make sense of language and understand the world around us.
  • It stores factual information that we learn throughout life.
  • This type of memory helps us communicate and interpret new information.
  • Semantic memory is not about recollecting past events but understanding and using abstract concepts.
Our knowledge of animals, specifically their traits, habitats, and behaviors, is part of our semantic memory. It's about grasping meanings and facts, which remain relatively stable over time.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

To test the idea that the average person should be able to hold approximately seven items in short-term memory, a researcher has participants listen while an assistant reads off a list of words. Some participants listen to a list of three words. Others hear a list of 5 , 7, 10 , or 15 words. Later, all participants are asked to recall as many of the words as they can, and the researcher calculates the percentage of words they were able to recall from the list they heard. In this study the independent variable is the a. number of words recalled by the participants. b. percentage of words recalled by the participants. c. number of words heard by the participants. d. type of words heard by the participants.

Recalling the actual details of your first day in college in an accurate manner would be an example of \(\quad\) memory. a. reconstructive c. semantic b. constructive d. procedural

As you read a book, which is the first stage of memory into which the information that you are reading is processed? a. Short-term b. Working memory c. Iconic memory d. Phonological loop

Glenn suffered a concussion in a terrible car accident, after which he could no longer store new episodic or semantic memories. Glenn seems to be suffering from. a. retrograde amnesia b. anterograde amnesia c. repression d. cue-dependent forgetting

Brushing your teeth, combing your hair, and tying your shoes are all most likely to involve use of which type of memory? a. Explicit c. Declarative b. Implicit d. Semantic
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