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Chapter 9: Problem 5

Hunger occurs in response to a. high blood glucose and low levels of ghrelin. b. low blood glucose and high levels of ghrelin. c. a low basal metabolic rate. d. a high basal metabolic rate.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is b: low blood glucose and high levels of ghrelin.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Hunger Triggers

Hunger is often triggered by certain physiological signals in the body. Two important contributors to the sensation of hunger are blood glucose levels and the hormone ghrelin.
02

Evaluating Blood Glucose Levels

Blood glucose is the primary source of energy for our cells. If blood glucose levels fall, our body signals the need for food to restore energy balance, making low blood glucose a trigger for hunger.
03

Assessing the Role of Ghrelin

Ghrelin, often called the 'hunger hormone,' is released in the stomach and signals the brain to stimulate appetite. High levels of ghrelin contribute to the feeling of hunger as the body seeks nutrients to satisfy this signal.
04

Analyzing Answer Choices

Given the roles of blood glucose and ghrelin, option (a) can be dismissed because high blood glucose and low ghrelin do not promote hunger. Options (c) and (d) relate to metabolic rate rather than hunger signals, making them irrelevant in this context.
05

Choosing the Correct Answer

The correct answer is (b), low blood glucose and high levels of ghrelin, as both factors are known to effectively induce the feeling of hunger.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

blood glucose
Blood glucose is essentially the sugar that travels through our bloodstream, serving as a critical source of energy for our cells. When you eat, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which enters the bloodstream and increases blood glucose levels.
Maintaining these levels is vital because your brain primarily uses glucose for energy, and if levels drop, your body responds by feeling hungry to spur you into action to eat more and restore balance.
  • When blood glucose is high, the body typically signals a lack of hunger as energy needs are met.
  • Low blood glucose, on the other hand, is a direct hunger trigger, prompting the body to seek food to replenish energy stores.
Balancing your blood glucose levels not only ensures energy stability but also helps manage hunger cues effectively.
ghrelin
Ghrelin is often known as the 'hunger hormone,' playing a crucial role in stimulating appetite. It is produced mainly in the stomach, and its levels rise before meals, encouraging you to eat.
Once you've eaten, ghrelin levels typically decrease, signaling to your brain that you're full.
  • High levels of ghrelin signal the body that it requires nutrients, literally creating the sensation of hunger in your brain.
  • Conversely, when ghrelin levels drop, the urge to eat also diminishes.
By understanding how ghrelin functions, you can better appreciate how your body's signals guide when and how much you should eat.
basal metabolic rate
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) refers to the number of calories your body needs to maintain basic physiological functions at rest, such as breathing and maintaining body temperature. While it influences how many calories you burn daily, it doesn't directly cause hunger.
However, BMR can play a role in your overall energy expenditure and how your body manages its energy resources.
  • A higher BMR means your body uses more energy, which could lead to increased appetite over time as the body tries to meet these energy demands.
  • Conversely, a lower BMR might mean less energy is burnt at rest, potentially influencing how easily you gain weight.
Understanding your BMR helps set accurate expectations for your caloric needs and personal metabolism.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

When you move into a new apartment, you find the street noise irritatingly loud, but after a while, it no longer bothers you. This illustrates the a. relative deprivation principle. b. adaptation-level principle. c. feel-good, do-good phenomenon. d. catharsis principle.

Research on arousal indicates that if we are physically aroused by swimming, then heckled by an onlooker, we may in terpret our arousal as anger and a. become less physically aroused. b. feel angrier than usual. c. feel less angry than usual d. act joyful.

Which of the following is true of the eating disorder bulimia nervosa? a. People with bulimia continue to want to lose weight even when they are underweight. b. Bulimia is marked by weight fluctuations within or above normal ranges. c. Bulimia patients often come from competitive and high-achieving families. d. If one twin is diagnosed with bulimia, the chances of the other twin's sharing the disorder are greater if they are fraternal rather than identical twins.

Obese people find it very difficult to lose weight permanently for several reasons, including the fact that a. with dieting, fat cells shrink and then disappear. b. the settling point of obese people is lower than average. c. with dieting, basal metabolic rate increases. d. there is a genetic influence on body weight.

When you pick up your mail, you see a long. awaited letter from your school's financial aid office. Your breathing and heart rate in crease as you open the letter with anticipation. Yes! Your scholarship request has been approved! The two-factor theory of emotion would explain that your feelings of joy are a. a result of your increased breathing and heart rate. b. a result of the increased breathing and heart rate and your labeling of that arousal. c. causing the increased breathing and heart rate. d. unrelated to your increased breathing and heart rate.
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