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A slit 0.360 mm wide is illuminated by parallel rays of light that have a wavelength of 540 nm. The diffraction pattern is observed on a screen that is 1.20 m from the slit. The intensity at the center of the central maximum(-0)isl0. (a) What is the distance on the screen from the center of the central maximum to the first minimum? (b) What is the distance on the screen from the center of the central maximum to the point where the intensity has fallen tol0/2?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The distance on the screen from the center of the central maximum to the first minimum is 1.8mm.

(b) The distance is 0.8mm.

Step by step solution

01

Intensity I on the screen

The equation gives the intensity I on the screen, which is represented by the red line and is dependent on

I=I0sin(asin/)asin/2

The equation gives the minima, which are the points of destructive interference.

sin=ma

02

The distance on the screen from the center of the central maximum to the first minimum

(a) The first minimum1m is determined by the equation;

sin1m=a=5.41073.6104=32000

similarly, the angle is determined by the equation in the figure.

tan1m=bx

As approximating the value;

b=xtan1m=xsin1m=1.232000m=1.8mm

Hence, the distance on the screen from the center of the central maximum to the first minimum is 1.8mm

03

The distance on the screen from the center of the central maximum to the point where the intensity has fallen to l0/2

(b) Using the intensity equation for the angle at which l=l0/2

12=sin2=2sin

Using the function f;

f=2sin

From the graph, there are two fixed points, thus the sequence is;

2=f1...n=fn-1

By following;

limyn=y0n

So, the sufficient condition is;

f'0<1

As in the figure slope of f is smaller than that of the slope of identity (1),

So, the sequences are;

2=23=1.3974=1.3935=1.3920=limnn=1.391557

From the definition;

0=asin0sin0=0a

So, the distance is;

b12=xtan0=x0a=1.21.39155732000m0.8mm

Hence, the distance is 0.8mm.

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