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Chapter 6: Q1DQ (page 1519)
Does the speedometer of a car measure speed or velocity? Explain.
A speedometer will only measure the speed of the car not the velocity of the car.
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Determine the electric charge, baryon number, strangeness quantum number, and charm quantum number for the following quark combinations: (a) uds; (b) (c) ddd; and (d) Explain your reasoning.
Inside a spaceship flying past the earth at three-fourths the speed of light, a pendulum is swinging. (a) If each swing takes 1.80 s as measured by an astronaut performing an experiment inside the spaceship, how long will the swing take as measured by a person at mission control (on earth) who is watching the experiment? (b) If each swing takes 1.80 s as measured by a person at mission control, how long will it take as measured by the astronaut in the spaceship?
When ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 4.00nm falls on a certain metal surface, the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons is measured to be 1.10eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons when light of wavelength 300.0nm falls on the same surface?
The energy-level scheme for the hypothetical one electron element Samarium is shown in Fig below. The potential energy is taken to be zero for an electron at an infinite distance from the nucleus. (a) How much energy (in electron volts) does it take to ionize an electron from the ground level? (b) An 18-eV photon is absorbed by a Samarium atom in its ground level. As the atom returns to its ground level, what possible energies can the emitted photons have? Assume that there can be transitions between all pairs of levels. (c) What will happen if a photon with an energy of 8 eV strikes a Samarium atom in its ground level? Why? (d) Photons emitted in the Samarium transitions n = 3 鈫� n = 2 and n = 3 鈫� n = 1 will eject photoelectrons from an unknown metal, but the photon emitted from the transition n = 4 鈫� n = 3 will not. What are the limits (maximum and minimum possible values) of the work function of the metal?
Space pilot Mavis zips past Stanley at a constant speed relative to him of 0.800c. Mavis and Stanley start timers at zero when the front of Mavis鈥檚 ship is directly above Stanley. When Mavis reads 5.00 s on her timer, she turns on a bright light under the front of her spaceship. (a) Use the Lorentz coordinate transformation derived in Example 37.6 to calculate x and t as measured by Stanley for the event of turning on the light. (b) Use the time dilation formula, Eq. (37.6), to calculate the time interval between the two events (the front of the spaceship passing overhead and turning on the light) as measured by Stanley. Compare to the value off you calculated in part (a). (c) Multiply the time interval by Mavis鈥檚 speed, both as measured by Stanley, to calculate the distance she has traveled as measured by him when the light turns on. Compare to the value of x you calculated in part (a).
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