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As a test of orienteering skills, your physics class holds a contest in a large, open field. Each contestant is told to travel 20.8 m due north from the starting point, then 38.0 m due east, and finally 18.0 m in the direction 33.0 west of south. After the specified displacements, a contestant will find a silver dollar hidden under a rock. The winner is the person who takes the shortest time to reach the location of the silver dollar. Remembering what you learned in class, you run on a straight line from the starting point to the hidden coin. How far and in what direction do you run?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The magnitude that the winner will run is,R=28.8mlocalid="1655806219736" R=28.8m.

The direction that the winner will run is,localid="1655806230815" R=11.4north-east.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of given data

  • The magnitude of the winner is in the A direction is,A=20.8m
  • The magnitude of the winner is in the B direction is,B=38.0m
  • The magnitude of the winner is in the C direction is,C=18.0m
02

Concept of displacement

Displacement is defined as straight line distance covered in a certain direction.

A displacement vector is defined as the longest vector whose length equals the smallest distance between the beginning and end positions.

03

Determine the distance travelled by the winner and direction of the winner

The diagram has been provided below-


The equation of the components of magnitude of the vectors A and B is the x and y direction are given by,

Ax=Acos90,Ay=Asin90Bx=Bcos0By=Bsin0

Here,AxandAYare the x and y components and the vector A andare the x and y components and the vector B

Substituting the values in the above equation,

Ax=0,Ay=20.8m,Bx=38.0m,By=0

The equation of the components of magnitude of the vectors C is the x and y direction are given by,

Cx=-Csin33,Cy=-Ccos33,

Here,CxandCyare the x and y components and the vector C

Substituting the values in the above equation,

Cx=-18msin33.0=-9.80mCy=-18mcos33.0=-15.09m

The resultant magnitude of the winner in the x direction is given by,

Rx=Ax+Bx+Cx

Substituting the values in the above equation,

Rx=0+38.0m+-9.80m=28.2m

The resultant magnitude of the winner in the y direction is given by,

Ry=Ay+By+Cy

Substituting the values in the above equation,

Ry=20.8m+0+-15.09m=5.7m

The equation of the resultant vector is expressed as,

R=Rx2+Ry2

Here, R is the resultant vector

Substituting the values in the above equation,

R=28.2m2+5.7m=28.8m

Thus, the winner will have to travelR=28.8mto cover shortest distance.

The equation of the direction of the winner is given by,

tan=RyRx

Here,tanis the angle of the direction of the winner

Substituting the values in the above equation,

tan=5.70km28.2km=tan-15.70km28.2km

Thus, the winner will travel11.4northeast.

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