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The star Rho1Cancri is 57 light-years from the earth and has a mass 0.85 times that of our sun. A planet has been detected in a circular orbit around Rho1Cancri with an orbital radius equal to 0.11 times the radius of the earth’s orbit around the sun. What are (a) the orbital speed and (b) the orbital period of the planet of Rho1Cancri?

Short Answer

Expert verified

a) The orbital speed of the planet is 8.2×104ms.

b) The orbital period of the planet is 14.5 day .

Step by step solution

01

Identification of the given data

  • The star is 57 light-years from the earth.
  • The mass of the star is 0.85 times that of the sun's mass.
  • The orbital radius of the detected planet 0.11n times the radius of the earth's orbit around the sun.
02

Significance of Kepler’s third law in identifying the orbital speed and period

This law states that the square of a planet's revolution's period around a star or sun is directly proportional to the "semi-major" axis's cube.

The planet's orbital period is identified by multiplying the Kepler's constant by the orbital radius. Furthermore, dividing the orbital period by the perimeter of the planet provides the planet's orbital speed.

03

Determination of the orbital speed and period of the planet 

a) From Kepler’s third law, the orbital speed of a planet can be expressed as:

v=GMr

Here, v is the orbital speed, r is the orbital radius of the planet, 1.65x1010mM is the mass of the star Rho1Cancriwhich is 1.99×1030kg×0.85which is1.69×1030kg. G is the gravitational constant, 6.673×10-11N·m2kg2

Substituting the values in the above equation, we get,

localid="1668309502914" V=6.673×10−11N⋅m2kg2×1.69×1030kg1.65×1010m=8.2×104ms

Thus, the orbital speed of the planet is 8.2×104ms.

b) From Kepler’s third law, the orbital period of the planet is expressed as:

T=2ττrv

Substituting the values in the above equation, we get,

localid="1668309521822" T=2π×1.65×1010m8.2×104m/sT=1252996.409s×1hour3600s×1day24hourT=14.5day

Thus, the orbital period of the planet is 14.5 day.

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