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Two objects of mass Mand 5Mare at rest on a horizontal,frictionless table with a compressed spring of negligible massbetween them. When the spring is released, which of the followingstatements are true?

(a) The two objects receive equal magnitudes of momentum.

(b) The two objects receive equal amountsof kinetic energy from the spring.

(c) The heavier object gainsmore kinetic energy than the lighter object.

(d) The lighter objectgains more kinetic energy than the heavier object.

Explain yourreasoning in each case.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) True

(b) False

(c) False

(d) True

Step by step solution

01

Definition of kinetic energy.

A sort of energy that an item or particle possesses as a result of its mobility is known as kinetic energy. When an item undergoes work—the transfer of energy—by being subjected to a net force, it accelerates and consequently obtains kinetic energy.

02

Discussion for part (a)

Initially, both the objects were at rest, so the total moment of the system consists of two masses and a string was zero. Since there is no external force acting on the system so after the string is decompressed the total moment should be zero.

Since spring has negligible mass, its moment is zero, so two objectsmust have an equal magnitude of momentum in the opposite direction.

Therefore, it is true that two objects receive an equal magnitude of momentum.

03

Discussion for part (b)

We know the kinetic energy of an object is

k=12mv2….(¾±)

The mom of an object

p=mv…â¶Ä¦(¾±¾±)

From equations (i) and (ii)

k=12mv2k=12m2v2m=12P2m

Suppose the kinetic energy of an object with the massofM isK1

K1=12P2M

Suppose the kinetic energy of an object with a mass of 5M isK2

K2=12P5M

Therefore,

K2=K15

This implies lighter body will receive more kinetic energy

Hence the statement is false.

04

Discussion for part (c)

We know the kinetic energy of an object is

k=12mv2….(¾±)

The mom of an object

p=mv…â¶Ä¦(¾±¾±)

From equations (i) and (ii)

k=12mv2K=12m2v22m=12P2m

Suppose the kinetic energy of an object with the mass of M isK1

K1=12P2M

Suppose the kinetic energy of an object with a mass of 5M isK2

K2=12P5M

Therefore

K2=K15M

This implies lighter body will receive more kinetic energy

Hence the statement is false

05

Discussion for part (d)

We know the kinetic energy of an object is

k=12mv2….(¾±)

The mom of an object

p=mv…â¶Ä¦(¾±¾±)

From equations (i) and (ii)

K=12mv2K=12m2v2m=12P2m

Suppose the kinetic energy of an object with the mass of M isK1

role="math" localid="1663953503963" K1=12P2M

Suppose the kinetic energy of an object with a mass of 5M isK2

K2=12PM

Therefore

K2=K15

This implies lighter body will receive more kinetic energy

Hence the statement is true.

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