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A thin, 50.0-cm-long metal bar with mass 750 g rests on, but is not attached to, two metallic supports in a uniform 0.450-T magnetic field, as shown in Fig. E27.37. A battery and a 25.0-Ω resistor in series are connected to the supports. (a) What is the highest voltage the battery can have without breaking the circuit at the supports? (b) The battery voltage has the maximum value calculated in part (a). If the resistor suddenly gets partially short-circuited, decreasing its resistance to 2.0 Ω, find the initial acceleration of the bar.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The highest voltage the battery can have without breaking the circuit is 817 V

(b) The initial acceleration of the bas if the battery voltage has maximum value calculated and the resistor suddenly gets short circuited is 11 m/s2

Step by step solution

01

Calculating the voltage

Given,

Length of the bar is l = 0.500m , mass m = 0.750kg , the magnetic field is B=0.450T and the resistance is R=25Ω.

We know that the magnetic force acting on a segment of a conductor is given by:

F = lLB, where I is the uniform current, L is the length of the conductor and B is the magnetic field.

The maximum magnetic force that can act on the bar without breaking the circuit is:

FB=Fg=mg=(0.750kg)9.80m/s2=7.35N

Now, putting the values in the formula we get:

I=VR=8172.0Ω

Now, putting the values in ohms law we get:

V=32.7×25=817V

Therefore, the voltage is 817 V

02

Calculating the acceleration

The current passing through the bar is:

113m/s2

= 408 A

Now,

FB=(408)(0.500)(0.4050)=91.9NApplyingtheNewtonssecondlawweget:∑Fy=FB′−Fg=maFB′−mg=FB′−FB=maa=FB′−FBm

now, putting the values we get:

a=91.9N−7.35N0.750=113m/s2

Therefore, the acceleration is113m/s2

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