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Chapter 4: Q2DQ (page 911)

At any point in space, the electric fieldE鈫�is defined to be in the direction of the electric force on a positively charged particle at that point. Why don鈥檛 we similarly define the magnetic fieldB鈫�to be in the direction of the magnetic force on a moving, positively charged particle?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Electric force on a charged particle has a fixed direction. It can be determined as the direction of the electric force on a charged positively charged particle

Step by step solution

01

Direction of electric force on a charged particle

The electric force on a charge particle has a fixed direction which depends only on the nature of the charge and the direction of the electric field. Therefore, the direction of the electric field can be defined as the direction of the electric force on a positively charge particle. The magnetic force acting on a charged particle however, depends on the direction in which the particle is moving. In fact, the magnetic force is perpendicular to the velocity of the charged particle and the direction of the magnetic field. Hence, it cannot be defined the direction of the magnetic field as the direction of the force acting on the charged particle

02

Conclusion

Therefore, the electric force on a charged particle has a fixed direction which depends only on the sign of the charge and the direction of the electric field. Hence the direction of the electric field can be defined as the direction of the electric force on a positively charged particle.

Again, the magnetic force is perpendicular to both the velocity of the charged particle and the direction of the magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic force will be different. Hence we cannot define the direction of the magnetic field as the direction of force acting on the charged particle.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: You connect a battery, resistor, and capacitor as in Fig. 26.20a, where R = 12.0 鈩� and C = 5.00 x 10-6 F. The switch S is closed at t = 0. When the current in the circuit has a magnitude of 3.00 A, the charge on the capacitor is 40.0 x 10-6 C. (a) What is the emf of the battery? (b) At what time t after the switch is closed is the charge on the capacitor equal to 40.0 x 10-6 C? (c) When the current has magnitude 3.00 A, at what rate is energy being (i) stored in the capacitor, (ii) supplied by the battery

A 12.4-碌F capacitor is connected through a 0.895-M鈩� resistor to a constant potential difference of 60.0 V. (a) Compute the charge on the capacitor at the following times after the connections are made: 0, 5.0 s, 10.0 s, 20.0 s, and 100.0 s. (b) Compute the charging currents at the same instants. (c) Graph the results of parts (a) and (b) for t between 0 and 20 s

Question: The circuit shown in Fig. P26.74, called a Wheatstone Bridge, is used to determine the value of an unknown resistor X by comparison with three resistors M, N, and P whose resistances can be varied. For each setting, the resistance of each resistor is precisely known. With switches S1 and S2 closed, these resistors are varied until the current in the galvanometer G is zero; the bridge is then said to be balanced. (a) Show that under this condition the unknown resistance is given by X = MP/N. (This method permits very high precision in comparing resistors.) (b) If galvanometer G shows zero deflection when M = 850.0 鈩�, N = 15.00 鈩�, and P = 33.48 鈩�, what is the unknown resistance X?

Q) A straight, nonconducting plastic wire 8.50 cm long carries a charge density of +175 nC/m distributed uniformly along its length. It is lying on a horizontal tabletop. (a) Find the magnitude and direction of the electric field this wire produces at a point 6.00 cm directly above its midpoint. (b) If the wire is now bent into a circle lying flat on the table, find the magnitude and direction of the electric field it produces at a point 6.00 cm directly above its center.

Which of the graphs in Fig. Q25.12 best illustrates the current I in a real resistor as a function of the potential difference V across it? Explain.
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