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A thin spherical shell with radius R1=3.00cm is concentric with a larger thin spherical shell with radius R2=5.00cm. Both shells are made of insulating material. The smaller shell has charge q1=+6.00nC distributed uniformly over its surface, and the larger shell has charge q2=-9.00nC distributed uniformly over its surface. Take the electric potential to be zero at an infinite distance from both shells. (a) What is the electric potential due to the two shells at the following distance from their common center: (i) r=0; (ii) r=4.00cm; (iii) r=6.00cm? (b) What is the magnitude of the potential difference between the surfaces of the two shells? Which shell is at higher potential: the inner shell or the outer shell?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) (i) The electric potential due to the two shells at r=0is 180V.

(ii) The electric potential due to the two shells at r=4.00cmis -270V.

(iii)The electric potential due to the two shells at r=6.00cmis -450V.

(b) The magnitude of potential difference between the surfaces of the two shells is 720Vand the potential at the inner sphere is higher than the potential at the outer surface.

Step by step solution

01

Formulas used to solve the question

Potential inside the sphere:

V=140qR (1)

Where Ris the radius of the sphere.

Potential outside the sphere:

V=140qr (2)

Where ris the distance where the potential is measured.

02

Determine the potential at  r=0

(a) (i) At r=0, the total electric potential will be the summation of the potential of the two spheres where for the first sphere r<R1and for the second spherer<R2so use equation (1) for both spheres and the total potential at r=0will be


Vr=0=140[q1R1+q2R2]


Plug the values,

Vr=0=(9.0*109)[6*10-90.03+-9*10-90.05]=180V

03

Determine the potential at  r=4cm

(a) (ii) At r=4cmfor the first sphere r>R1and for the second sphere r>R2, so use equation (1) for the outer sphere while for inner sphere use equation

(2) and the total parameter at r=4cmwill be

Vr=0.04=140[q1r+q2R2]

Plug the values,

Vr=0.04=(9.0*109)(6*10-90.04+-9.00*10-90.05]=-270V

04

Determine the potential at  r=6cm

(a) (iii) At r=6cmfor the first sphere r>R1and for the second sphere r>R2, so use equation (2) for both the spheres and the total potential will be

Vr=0.06=140[q1r+q2r]

Plug the values,

Vr=0.06=(9.0*109)[6*10-90.06+-9*10-90.06]=-450V

05

Determine the potential difference between the surfaces of the two shells

(b) To determine the potential difference between the two surfaces, so find V1for the inner sphere and V2for the outer sphere where the potential difference is


V=V1-V2

For V1, get the potential by using equation (1) and plug the values into equation (Calculated before) so V1=180V.

For V2, get the potential and plugging our values into equation, where r=R2=0.05m

V2=140[q1r+q2R2]=(9*109)[6*10-90.05+-9*10-90.05]=-540V

Therefore, the potential difference is

V=180-(-540)=720V

As shown by the result, the potential at the inner sphere is higher than the potential at the outer sphere.

Thus, the electric potential due to the two shells at r=0is180V. The electric potential due to the two shells at r=4.00cmis-270V. The electric potential due to the two shells at r=6.00cmis-450V. The magnitude of potential difference between the surfaces of the two shells is720Vand the potential at the inner sphere is higher than the potential at the outer surface.

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