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In a cathode ray tube television, an electron gun emits a beam of electrons, which are then accelerated and focused on a phosphor-coated screen by an electric field. As the electrons strike the phosphor coating, they emit light, producing an image on the screen. The electron beam scans across the screen in a raster pattern, covering the entire screen in lines from top to bottom. The intensity of the electron beam is varied to create different levels of brightness in the picture.

When a nearby magnet is brought close to a CRT television, it creates a magnetic field which has a direct effect on the electrons within the CRT. Electrons, being charged particles, experience a force when they travel through a magnetic field. According to the Lorentz force equation, the force on a charged particle is given by \[ F = q(E + v × B) \] where F is the force on the particle, q is its charge, E is the electric field, v is the velocity of the particle, and B is the magnetic field. In a CRT television, the electric field is responsible for the acceleration and focusing of the electron beam, while the magnetic field induced by the nearby magnet affects the direction of the electrons, causing them to deviate from their intended path.

As the electron beam inside the CRT deviates from its intended path due to the magnetic field, it causes a distortion in the television picture. The electrons no longer align with the correct spots on the phosphor-coated screen, causing the colors and brightness levels to be misplaced or altered. This results in the television picture being distorted and displaying a poor or incorrect image. In summary, a nearby magnet distorts a cathode ray tube television picture because its magnetic field alters the path of the electron beam responsible for creating the image on the phosphor-coated screen. The deviation from the intended electron path leads to color and brightness mismatches, resulting in a distorted image.