/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 30 What are the two chief ions foun... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 11: Problem 30

What are the two chief ions found in seawater?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Chloride ions (Cl鈦�) and sodium ions (Na鈦�).

Step by step solution

01

Identify Seawater Composition

Understand that seawater contains a mixture of various dissolved ions. The most abundant ions are of primary interest.
02

Determine the Most Abundant Ions

Learn that chloride ions (Cl鈦�) and sodium ions (Na鈦�) are the most abundant in seawater. These two ions together constitute the majority of dissolved salts.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

chief ions in seawater
Seawater is a complex solution of various dissolved substances. Among these, the ions are particularly significant. Chief ions refer to the most abundant ones present in seawater. Understanding which ions are predominant helps in studying ocean chemistry and marine life.
The two chief ions in seawater are chloride ions (Cl鈦�) and sodium ions (Na鈦�). These ions are not only the most plentiful but also crucial for maintaining the ocean鈥檚 salinity and overall chemical composition.
chloride ions
Chloride ions (Cl鈦�) are the most abundant ions in seawater.
They make up roughly 55% of all dissolved ions. This high concentration makes chloride ions vital for the ocean's chemical balance.
For example, if you take a sample of seawater, about half of the dissolved substances will be chloride ions.
These ions come from various sources:
  • Rivers washing minerals into the ocean
  • Underwater volcanic activity
  • Atmospheric deposition
Chloride ions play an essential role in marine life and influence processes like osmoregulation鈥攁 way for organisms to manage the balance of water and salts.
sodium ions
Sodium ions (Na鈦�) are the second most abundant ions in seawater, comprising about 30.6% of all dissolved ions.
Sodium ions, along with chloride ions, are essential for maintaining the salinity levels in the ocean.
The sources of sodium ions include:
  • Erosion of rocks and soil
  • Hydrothermal activity
  • Riverine inputs
Sodium ions form sodium chloride (NaCl) when combined with chloride ions, which is common table salt.
This process is fundamental for marine life as many organisms rely on precise levels of sodium for cellular functions.
dissolved salts
Seawater is rich in dissolved salts, which are key to its salinity. Dissolved salts principally include chloride (Cl鈦�) and sodium (Na鈦�) ions, but other ions like magnesium (Mg虏鈦�) and sulfate (SO鈧劼测伝) also contribute.
These salts come from various natural processes, such as:
  • Weathering and erosion of terrestrial rocks
  • Geothermal vents
  • Rivers carrying minerals into the ocean
The concentration of these salts is measured in parts per thousand (ppt) and averages around 35 ppt.
Dissolved salts affect everything from the freezing point of seawater to the buoyancy of marine organisms.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

(a) Is the percentage of the world's water that is freshwater 1 percent? 3 percent? 10 percent? 50 percent? (b) Is the proportion of freshwater in the form of ice in the polar regions about one-third? One-half? Two-thirds?

What salt is formed when a solution of sodium hydroxide is neutralized by sulfuric acid? Give the equation of the process.

What ions would you expect to find in the crystal structures of \(\mathrm{CaF}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{KI}\) ?

What is the difference between a molecular ion and a polar molecule?

(a) State the four principal types of bonding in crystalline solids and give an example of each. (b) What is the fundamental physical origin of all of them? (c) What kind of particle is present in the crystal structure of each of them?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Physics Textbooks

Conservation of Energy and Momentum

Read Explanation

Rotational Dynamics

Read Explanation

Solid State Physics

Read Explanation

Dynamics

Read Explanation

Kinematics Physics

Read Explanation

Measurements

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.