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Chapter 2: Q2. (page 41)
When an object moves with constant velocity, does its average velocity during any time interval differ from its instantaneous velocity at any instant? Explain.
No, for constant velocity, the instantaneous velocity is equal to the average velocity.
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You travel from point A to point B in a car moving at a constant speed of . Then you travel the same distance from point B to another point C, moving at a constant speed of . Is your average speed for the entire trip from A to C, equal to ? Explain why or why not.
A stone is thrown vertically upward with a speed offrom the edge of a 75.0 m high cliff (Fig. 2鈥�48).
(a) How much later does it reach the bottom of the cliff?
(b) What is its speed just before hitting?
(c) What total distance does it travel?
FIGURE 2-48Problem 71.
An airplane travels 2100 km at a speed of 720 km/h and then encounters a tailwind that boosts its speed to 990 km/h for the next 2800 km. What was the total time for the trip? What was the average speed of the plane for this trip?
[Hint: Does Eq. 2鈥�11d apply?]
According to the rule of thumb, every five seconds between a lightning flash and the following thunder gives the distance to the flash in miles.
(a) Assuming that the flash of light arrives in essentially no time at all, estimate the speed of the sound in m/s from this rule.
(b) What would be the rule for kilometers?
In the design of a rapid transit system, it is necessary to balance the average speed of a train against the distance between station stops. The more stops there are, the slower the train鈥檚 average speed. To get an idea of this problem, calculate the time it takes a train to make a 15.0-km trip in two situations: (a) the stations at which the trains must stop are 3.0 km apart (a total of 6 stations, including those at the ends); and (b) the stations are 5.0 km apart (4 stations total). Assume that at each station the train accelerates at a rate ofuntil it reaches, then stays at this speed until its brakes are applied for arrival at the next station, at which time it decelerates at. Assume it stops at each intermediate station for 22 s.
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