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Chapter 6: Problem 16

Electricity will heat a wire if it has A. high voltage B. high current C. high frequency D. DC rather than \(\mathrm{AC}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is B. high current. High current is the primary reason for heating a wire in an electrical circuit due to the Joule Heating Effect.

Step by step solution

01

Contemplating the Role of Voltage

Voltage (or potential difference) is the energy provided to charge carriers (electrons) to move and create current. While high voltage can generate more current, it is not the primary factor for heating a wire but the current that it can allow to flow.
02

Considering the Impact of Current

In any electrical circuit, when a current flows across the conductor, it generates heat due to the collision of accelerating electrons with atoms of the conductor. This phenomenon is known as the Joule Heating Effect or ohmic heating, and the amount of heat generated is proportional to the square of the current according to the formula \( H = I^2 * R * t \) where H is the heat produced, I is the current, R is the resistance, and t is the time, indicating that heat production is predominantly attributable to high current.
03

Discussing Frequency's Effect

Frequency refers to the number of cycles of AC current in one second. It mostly affects the operative speed of electrical appliances but has no direct impact on the heat produced in a conducting wire.
04

DC vs AC

DC (Direct Current) is the unidirectional flow of electric charge, while AC (Alternating Current) changes its direction periodically. AC or DC doesn't change the core principle behind heating as it is fundamentally influenced by the flow of charges, i.e., current. The heating effect would still persist irrespective of the current type.

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