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Chapter 27: Problem 48

Which hadron is composed of two up quarks and a strange quark?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The hadron is 危鈦� (Sigma+).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Quarks

Two up quarks (u) and one strange quark (s) are given.
02

Determine Quark Combinations

Determine which hadron family the combination belongs to. Combinations of three quarks form baryons.
03

Check Baryon Combinations

A combination of two up quarks and one strange quark is compared with known baryons.
04

Identify the Particle

Two up quarks and one strange quark form the charged baryon called the 'Sigma+' (危鈦�) particle.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

quarks
Quarks are fundamental particles, the building blocks of hadrons. They are never found alone but always combined in specific ways to form different particles.
There are six types of quarks: up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom. Each quark has its own unique properties such as charge, mass, and spin.
For example, up quarks have a charge of \( + \frac{2}{3} \) while down quarks have a charge of \( - \frac{1}{3} \). Strange quarks, which also have a charge of \( - \frac{1}{3} \), are heavier than up and down quarks.
Quarks combine to form larger particles through the strong nuclear force. This force is incredibly strong and acts between quarks via particles called gluons.
baryons
Baryons are a type of hadron made up of three quarks. Baryons include well-known particles like protons and neutrons, which are found in atomic nuclei.
When quarks combine in groups of three, they form baryons. If a baryon contains an up, down, and strange quark, it's often called a strange baryon.
Baryons play a crucial role in the structure of matter. For example:
  • Protons (uud) consist of two up quarks and one down quark.
  • Neutrons (udd) have one up quark and two down quarks.
  • Sigma particles consist of different combinations, such as the Sigma+ (uus), which has two up quarks and one strange quark.
    This variety of combinations allows for a wide range of baryonic particles, each with its own unique properties.
Sigma+ particle
The Sigma+ particle, or \( \Sigma^+ \), is a baryon composed of two up quarks and one strange quark.
It belongs to the family of strange baryons due to the presence of the strange quark. The quark composition \( u u s \) gives the Sigma+ particle a positive charge.
It is heavier than protons and neutrons because of the strange quark. Sigma+ particles are unstable and eventually decay into more stable particles, such as protons.
Understanding particles like the Sigma+ helps scientists explore the fundamental forces and particles that make up our universe. It also aids in studying interactions within atomic nuclei and particle physics as a whole.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What are the differences between baryons and mesons?

Name at least one conservation law that prohibits each of the following: a. \(\pi^{-}+p \rightarrow \Sigma^{+}+\pi^{0}\) b. \(\mu^{-} \rightarrow \pi^{-}+\nu_{i}\) c. \(\Sigma^{0} \rightarrow \Lambda^{0}+\pi^{0}\)

The \(\mathrm{K}^{-}\) particle is the antiparticle of the \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) particle. What combination of quarks makes up the K" particle? What value does it have for strangeness?

If free protons can decay, the lifetime is greater than a billion trillion times the age of the universe. Does this necessarily mean that there has not yet been a free proton decay in the universe?

In the quark model, is it possible to have a baryon with strangeness -1 and charge \(+2 ?\) Explain.
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