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Chapter 23: Problem 4

What elements would you expect to have chemical properties similar to chlorine (C1)?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Fluorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.

Step by step solution

01

Title - Understand chlorine's group in the periodic table

First, identify which group chlorine (Cl) belongs to in the periodic table. Chlorine is part of Group 17, also known as the halogens.
02

Title - Identify similar elements

Elements in the same group as chlorine have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. The elements in Group 17 are fluorine (F), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At).
03

Title - List the elements

The elements expected to have chemical properties similar to chlorine are fluorine (F), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

halogens
Halogens are a group of elements found in Group 17 of the periodic table. They include fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). The name 'halogen' comes from Greek roots meaning 'salt-former,' because these elements often form salts when they react with metals. Halogens are highly reactive, especially with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. Their reactivity decreases as you move down the group.

All halogens share several key characteristics:
  • They are non-metals.
  • They have seven valence electrons.
  • They exist as diatomic molecules (e.g., F2, Cl2, Br2).
periodic table
The periodic table is an organized chart of all known elements. It's arranged in rows called periods and columns known as groups or families. Each element in the periodic table is represented by its chemical symbol and atomic number. The periodic table allows scientists to understand and predict chemical behaviors.

Elements are arranged in a particular order based on their atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Elements in the same column (group) have similar properties. For instance, all elements in Group 17, including chlorine, are halogens and share similar chemical behaviors.
valence electrons
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are essential for determining an element's chemical properties. Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, which explains why they exhibit similar chemical properties.

Since chlorine is in Group 17, it has seven valence electrons. This means it is just one electron short of having a full outer electron shell. As a result, chlorine is highly reactive and tends to gain one electron during chemical reactions to form a stable electron configuration. This property is shared by other halogens like fluorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
Group 17 elements
Group 17 elements, also known as halogens, are characterized by several unique properties:
  • They have seven valence electrons.
  • They form salts when combined with metals.
  • They are very reactive, with reactivity decreasing from fluorine to astatine.
  • They exist as diatomic molecules in their natural state.


Fluorine (F) is the most reactive halogen, followed by chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). Their high reactivity is due to their need to gain one more electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, making them eager participants in chemical reactions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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