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Chapter 23: Problem 38

What property of the emitted photoelectrons depends on the frequency of the incident light?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons depends on the frequency of the incident light.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Photoelectric Effect

The photoelectric effect involves the ejection of electrons from a material when light of a certain frequency shines on it. To answer the question, it's important to understand the basic principles governing the effect.
02

Frequency of Incident Light

The frequency of the incident light is directly related to the energy of the light photons. Higher frequency light has higher energy photons as per the relation: \( E = h f \), where \( E \) is the energy, \( h \) is Planck's constant, and \( f \) is the frequency of the light.
03

Effect on Emitted Photoelectrons

When photons strike the material, they transfer their energy to the electrons. If the energy is enough to overcome the work function (the minimum energy needed to eject an electron from the material), the remaining energy is converted to the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons.
04

Kinetic Energy of Photoelectrons

The kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons depends on the frequency of the incident light. It can be calculated using the equation: \( K.E = h f - \text{Work Function} \). Here, as the frequency of the incident light increases, the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons also increases.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

frequency of incident light
The photoelectric effect highlights the relationship between light and electron ejection. A key concept here is the **frequency of the incident light**.
The frequency determines how much energy each photon carries when it reaches the material.
This connection is captured in the equation:
kinetic energy of photoelectrons
When a photon successfully ejects an electron, not all the photon's energy is used for this purpose.
Specifically, any energy left after overcoming the work function goes into the photon's kinetic energy.
This is where the **kinetic energy of photoelectrons** comes into play.
The relationship is given by the equation:
work function
A vital aspect to understand in the photoelectric effect is the **work function**.
The work function is the minimum energy necessary to loosen an electron from its material.
Different materials possess different work functions.Higher work function materials require more energy to eject electrons compared to lower work function materials.

The equation governing this relationship is the same mentioned earlier:

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Most popular questions from this chapter

If electrons in hydrogen atoms are excited to the fourth Bohr orbit, how many different frequencies of light may be emitted?

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