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Static electricity happens because of something called a 'charge imbalance.' Imagine you have a balloon. When you rub the balloon on your hair or a wool sweater, you're moving tiny particles called electrons. These electrons are negatively charged.
So, when the balloon collects extra electrons, it gets negatively charged, and your hair or wool gets positively charged because it lost some electrons.
This difference between the positive and negative charges creates what we call a charge imbalance.
Essentially, a charge imbalance is just the uneven distribution of positive and negative charges. When this imbalance occurs, objects can attract or repel each other because opposite charges attract and like charges repel.
This is why your hair stands up and sticks to the balloon after you rub it.

Humidity plays a big role in static electricity. Humidity refers to how much water vapor is in the air. Water molecules can carry electrical charges because they contain ions, which are tiny charged particles.
When the air is humid, there are more water molecules available to interact with the static charges.
These water molecules can pick up and carry away the extra electrons on a charged object, like our balloon from before.
So, when the air is more humid, it is harder to keep the balloon charged because these water molecules will