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Chapter 15: Problem 21

An engine releases \(0.450 \mathrm{kJ}\) of heat for every \(0.100 \mathrm{kJ}\) of work it does. What is the efficiency of the engine?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The efficiency of the engine is 18.18%.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the Total Energy Input

Given that the engine releases 0.450 kJ of heat for every 0.100 kJ of work it does, we can determine the total energy input by summing the energy of work and heat. Total Energy Input = Work Output + Heat Released = 0.100 kJ + 0.450 kJ = 0.550 kJ.
02

Calculate Efficiency

Now, we can calculate the efficiency of the engine using the formula: Efficiency = (Work Output / Total Energy Input) * 100. Efficiency = (0.100 kJ / 0.550 kJ) * 100 = 18.18%. Thus, the efficiency of the engine is 18.18%.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

If the pressure on a fish increases from 1.1 to 1.2 atm, its swim bladder decreases in volume from \(8.16 \mathrm{mL}\) to \(7.48 \mathrm{mL}\) while the temperature of the air inside remains constant. How much work is done on the air in the bladder?
A \(0.500-\mathrm{kg}\) block of iron at \(60.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is placed in contact with a \(0.500-\mathrm{kg}\) block of iron at $20.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .\( (a) The blocks soon come to a common temperature of \)40.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .$ Estimate the entropy change of the universe when this occurs. [Hint: Assume that all the heat flow occurs at an average temperature for each block.] (b) Estimate the entropy change of the universe if, instead, the temperature of the hotter block increased to \(80.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) while the temperature of the colder block decreased to \(0.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) [Hint: The answer is negative, indicating that the process is impossible. \(]\)
(a) How much heat does an engine with an efficiency of \(33.3 \%\) absorb in order to deliver \(1.00 \mathrm{kJ}\) of work? (b) How much heat is exhausted by the engine?

On a hot day, you are in a sealed, insulated room. The room contains a refrigerator, operated by an electric motor. The motor does work at the rate of \(250 \mathrm{W}\) when it is running. Assume the motor is ideal (no friction or electrical resistance) and that the refrigerator operates on a reversible cycle. In an effort to cool the room, you turn on the refrigerator and open its door. Let the temperature in the room be \(320 \mathrm{K}\) when this process starts, and the temperature in the cold compartment of the refrigerator be \(256 \mathrm{K}\). At what net rate is heat added to \((+)\) or \(\mathrm{sub}\) tracted from \((-)\) the room and all of its contents?
An ice cube at \(0.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is slowly melting. What is the change in the ice cube's entropy for each \(1.00 \mathrm{g}\) of ice that melts?
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