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Chapter 13: Problem 2

Triple point temperature of water is (a) \(273.16 \mathrm{~K}\) (b) \(373.16 \mathrm{~K}\) (c) \(273 \mathrm{~K}\) (d) \(273.15 \mathrm{~K}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The triple point temperature of water is 273.16 K, so the answer is (a).

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Concept

The triple point of water is a specific condition where water coexists in equilibrium in three phases: ice (solid), liquid, and vapor (gas). This is a unique temperature and pressure point used as a standard when measuring temperature.
02

Identifying the Triple Point

By definition, the triple point of water occurs at a specific temperature precisely defined as 273.16 Kelvin under standard atmospheric pressure. This has been agreed upon internationally as a standard reference point.
03

Choosing the Correct Option

Review the given options: (a) 273.16 K, (b) 373.16 K, (c) 273 K, (d) 273.15 K. The correct temperature for the triple point of water is provided in option (a), which is 273.16 K.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Phase Equilibrium
When we refer to phase equilibrium, we talk about a magical balance in nature. At this point, different phases of a substance鈥攕uch as solid, liquid, and vapor鈥攅xist together. In the case of water, the triple point is where ice, water, and vapor share the spotlight. This is a delicate situation: any slight change in temperature or pressure could disrupt the harmony. But at the precise conditions of the triple point, all three phases can coexist without one taking over the others. It helps us understand how substances behave under different conditions, and it's an essential concept for those diving deep into thermodynamics.
Standard Reference Point
A standard reference point in science is like a base camp for climbers. It's a universally accepted starting point for measurements. The triple point of water serves as such a point in temperature measurement. By agreeing on a specific temperature and pressure, scientists all over the world have a common ground for calibration.
  • It provides consistency in experiments.
  • Removes confusion from having different standards.
  • Facilitates clear communication in scientific discussions.
In this way, scientific research across the globe can align, ensuring everyone is on the same page when discussing temperature measurements.
Temperature Measurement
Measuring temperature might seem straightforward, but it has its intricacies. It's not just about our everyday experiences of feeling hot or cold. Accurate temperature measurement relies on standardized scales and points, like the triple point of water. It guarantees precision in scientific contexts. Having these standard points helps to eliminate errors and improve the reliability of thermometers. This allows ingenious devices to record temperatures perfectly, whether in laboratories or in our weather apps. By using reliable reference points, we can also track changes over time, meaning trends in climate or reactions in chemistry can be observed accurately.
Kelvin Scale
The Kelvin scale is a fundamental part of scientific temperature measurement. It's like the unsung hero of thermodynamics, providing a clear, absolute scale starting from absolute zero. In this scale, zero Kelvin represents the complete absence of thermal energy. One key feature that makes the Kelvin scale essential is that it doesn't go negative. This clarity makes calculations simpler.
  • The Kelvin scale directly relates to the concepts of energy and entropy.
  • It's universally used in scientific research and industry.
  • Temperatures like the triple point of water are defined in Kelvin, providing consistency.
Ultimately, the Kelvin scale aids in the comprehensive understanding of temperature in relation to energy, adding depth to concepts that might otherwise seem abstract.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

If for hydrogen \(C_{p}-C_{v}=m\) and for nitrogen \(C_{p}-C_{v}=\) \(n\), where \(C_{e}\) and \(C_{v}\) refer to specific heats per unit mass respectively at constant pressure and constant volume, the relation between \(m\) and \(n\) is (Molecular weight of hydrogen \(=2\) and molecular weight of nitrogen \(=14)\) (a) \(n=14 m\) (b) \(n=7 m\) (c) \(m=7 n\) (d) \(m=14 n\)

Expansion during heating (a) occurs only in solids (b) increases the weight of a material (c) decreases the density of a material (d) occurs at the same rate for all solids and liquids

The efficiency of a Carnot heat engine (a) is independent of the temperature of the source and the sink (b) is independent of the working substance (c) can be \(100 \%\) (d) is not affected by the thermal capacity of the source or the sink

A copper constantan thermocouple produces an emf of 40 microvolt per degree celsius in the linear range of temperature. A galvanometer of resistance 10 ohm and capable of detecting a current of one microampere is employed. What is the smallest temperature that can be detected by this arrangement? (a) \(0.25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) (b) \(1.00^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) (c) \(0.50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) (d) \(2.00^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)

The temperatures of inside and outside of a refrigerator are \(273 \mathrm{~K}\) and \(303 \mathrm{~K}\) respectively. Assuming that the refrigerator cycle is reversible, for every joule of work done, the heat delivered to the surroundings will be nearly (a) \(10 \mathrm{~J}\) (b) \(20 \mathrm{~J}\) (c) \(30 \mathrm{~J}\) (d) \(50 \mathrm{~J}\)
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