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Question: The interatomic potential energy in a diatomic molecule (Figure 10.16) has many features: a minimum energy, an equilibrium separation a curvature and so on. (a) Upon what features do rotational energy levels depend? (b) Upon what features do the vibration levels depend?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

(a) Will affect the rotational energy Erot .

(b) Will affect the rotational energy Evib .

Step by step solution

01

Given data 

Local minimum is at x = a.

02

Concept of rotational and vibration energy

The expression for rotational energy is, Erot=2l(l+1)2a2.

Where,reduced Planck's constant,Irotational quantum number,reduced mass andabond length in meters.

The reduced mass is, =m1m2m1+m3.

The expression for vibration energy is, Evib=(n+12)k.

Where, Reduced Planck's constant, n vibration quantum number and Reduced mass.

03

 Step 3: Determine the factor on which rotational energy depends

(a)

The reduced massis,=m1m2m1+m3.

The rotational energy is expressed asErot=2l(l+1)2a2 .

In the above expression,lare constant, anddepends on the mass.

Therefore, the quantitywill affect the rotational energyErot.

The separation of the two atoms is equivalent to the orbital radius in a planetary system, which determines the rotational energy.

Therefore,Will affect the rotational energyErot.

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