/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 5 In ionic materials, how does the... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 21: Problem 5

In ionic materials, how does the size of the component ions affect the extent of electronic polarization?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The size of component ions in ionic materials affects the extent of electronic polarization, as larger ions with more diffuse electron clouds are more easily polarized due to the influence of an external electric field. This increased polarizability can result in various changes to the ionic material's properties, such as higher dielectric constants and greater non-linear optical effects.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Electronic Polarization

Electronic polarization is the effect of an external electric field on the charge distribution of an ionic material, causing a displacement of the electron cloud relative to the positive nuclei. As a result, the ions within the material are distorted and possess a temporary electric dipole moment. The extent of this polarization (displacement of charges) is dependent upon a variety of factors, including the size of the ions in the ionic material.
02

Analyze the Relationship between Electronic Polarization and Ion Size

Ionic materials are composed of cations and anions. The size of these ions plays a significant role in determining the extent of electronic polarization. Generally, larger ions exhibit greater electronic polarizability than smaller ions. This is because larger ions have a more diffuse electron cloud, which can be more easily distorted by an external electric field.
03

Explain the Polarizability of Cations and Anions

In an ionic material, polarizability is a function of both cations and anions. Larger anions are more polarizable due to their greater size and more diffuse electron cloud, while smaller cations are less polarizable. In contrast, larger cations may also show some degree of polarization (although less than anions) due to their larger size, while smaller anions are less polarizable.
04

Discuss the Effect on Ionic Materials

As electronic polarization increases with the size of the component ions, this can have an impact on the properties of the ionic material. For example, materials with more polarizable ions will generally have higher dielectric constants, as they can better respond to an external electric field. Additionally, materials with high polarizability may also exhibit greater non-linear optical effects and other properties that depend on the distribution of electric charges within the material.
05

Conclusion

The size of the component ions in ionic materials affects the extent of electronic polarization. Larger ions, with more diffuse electron clouds, are more easily polarized due to the influence of an external electric field. This increased polarizability can result in various changes to the ionic material's properties, such as higher dielectric constants and greater non-linear optical effects.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Can a material have an index of refraction less than unity? Why or why not?

Visible light having a wavelength of \(6 \times 10^{-7}\) \(\mathrm{m}\) appears orange. Compute the frequency. and energy of a photon of this light.

(a) Briefly describe the phenomenon of electronic polarization by electromagnetic radiation. (b) What are two consequences of electronic polarization in transparent materials?

(a) In your own words, briefly describe the phenomenon of luminescence. (b) What is the distinction between fluorescence and phosphorescence?

Distinguish between materials that are opaque, translucent, and transparent in terms of their appearance and light transmittance.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Physics Textbooks

Waves Physics

Read Explanation

Space Physics

Read Explanation

Linear Momentum

Read Explanation

Measurements

Read Explanation

Translational Dynamics

Read Explanation

Solid State Physics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.