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Chapter 18: Problem 45

What are the two functions that a transistor may perform in an electronic circuit?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The two main functions of a transistor in an electronic circuit are amplification and switching. Amplification refers to the ability of a transistor to take a small input signal and amplify it into a larger output signal. Switching allows a transistor to control the flow of current between two terminals, effectively turning an electronic component ON or OFF depending on the input signal.

Step by step solution

01

Function 1: Amplification

A transistor can act as an amplifier in an electronic circuit. It takes a small input signal and amplifies it into a larger output signal. This amplification function is essential in various electronic devices like audio systems, televisions, and radio communication systems. For instance, amplifying a weak audio signal so that it can be played back at a higher volume output.
02

Function 2: Switching

Another important function of a transistor is to act as a switch in an electronic circuit. In this role, a transistor can control the flow of current between two terminals, effectively turning an electronic component ON or OFF depending on the input signal. Transistors find extensive applications as switches in digital logic circuits and power control circuits. Examples include microprocessor-based systems and devices like mobile phones, computers, and power management circuits in various appliances.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

At room temperature the electrical conductivity of \(\mathrm{PbTe}\) is \(500(\Omega \cdot \mathrm{m})^{-1}\), whereas the electron and hole mobilities are \(0.16\) and \(0.075 \mathrm{~m}^{2} / \mathrm{V} \cdot \mathrm{s}\), respectively. Compute the intrinsic carrier concentration for PbTe at room temperature.

(a) Using the data in Figure \(18.8\), determine the values of \(\rho_{0}\) and \(a\) from Equation \(18.10\) for pure copper. Take the temperature \(T\) to be in degrees Celsius. (b) Determine the value of \(A\) in Equation \(18.11\) for nickel as an impurity in copper, using the data in Figure \(18.8\). (c) Using the results of parts (a) and (b), estimate the electrical resistivity of copper containing \(1.75\) at \(\%\) Ni at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\).

A metal alloy is known to have electrical conductivity and electron mobility values of \(1.5 \times 10^{7}(\Omega \cdot \mathrm{m})^{-1}\) and \(0.0020 \mathrm{~m}^{2} / \mathrm{V} \cdot \mathrm{s}\), respectively. Through a specimen of this alloy that is \(35 \mathrm{~mm}\) thick is passed a current of 45 A. What magnetic field would need to be imposed to yield a Hall voltage of \(-1.0 \times\) \(10^{-7} y^{2}\)

A charge of \(3.5 \times 10^{-11} \mathrm{C}\) is to be stored on each plate of a parallel-plate capacitor having an area of \(160 \mathrm{~mm}^{2}\left(0.25 \mathrm{in} .^{2}\right)\) and a plate separation of \(3.5 \mathrm{~mm}(0.14 \mathrm{in}\).). (a) What voltage is required if a material having a dielectric constant of \(5.0\) is positioned within the plates? (b) What voltage would be required if a vacuum were used? (c) What are the capacitances for parts (a) and (b)? (d) Compute the dielectric displacement for part (a). (e) Compute the polarization for part (a).

Calculate the room-temperature electrical conductivity of silicon that has been doped with \(5 \times 10^{22} \mathrm{~m}^{-3}\) of boron atoms.
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