/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 37 A beam of protons is moving para... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

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A beam of protons is moving parallel to a beam of electrons. Both the beams will tend to (a) repel each other (b) come closer (c) move more apart (d) either (b) or (c)

Short Answer

Expert verified
(b) come closer

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Concept

When two beams of charged particles are moving parallel to each other, the forces acting between them depend on the types of charges and their motion. Protons are positively charged, and electrons are negatively charged, so they exert an attractive force on each other due to their opposite charges.
02

Motion-Induced Magnetic Forces

As both beams move parallel, they also create magnetic fields due to their motion. However, the magnetic fields created by the moving charges may influence the overall forces but primarily, the electric attraction between unlike charges dominates.
03

Analyzing the Net Effect

Given the dominance of electric forces between proton and electron beams, the attractive force causes the beams to move closer together. The influence of generated magnetic fields is generally not strong enough to overcome the electric attraction in this scenario.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Electric Attraction
When we talk about electric attraction, we're referring to the force that pulls opposite charges towards one another. In the context of our exercise, protons have a positive charge while electrons have a negative charge. According to Coulomb's Law, opposite charges attract each other. This means that there is a force between the protons and electrons that pulls them closer together.

This attractive force is due to the electric fields generated by the charged particles. Electric fields are invisible lines of force that extend around a charged particle. When two opposite charges are near each other, their electric fields interact and create a net force that pulls them together.

In a broader sense, understanding electric attraction is crucial for grasping how atoms and molecules form. It's the same principle that binds electrons to the nucleus within an atom, allowing atoms to build complex structures.
Magnetic Fields and Motion
While electric attraction is about static charges, when charges move, they generate magnetic fields. This is a crucial idea in physics known as electromagnetism. In our scenario, both proton and electron beams are not static – they are in motion. This motion creates magnetic fields around each beam.

A magnetic field can exert force on other moving charges. Therefore, the moving protons will produce a magnetic field that affects the motion of the electrons and vice versa. The force due to magnetic fields depends on the velocity of the moving charges, the strength of the magnetic field, and the angle of interaction between the fields.

However, in the case of our parallel moving proton and electron beams, the magnetic forces might influence their paths slightly, but the electric attraction typically dominates. The configuration of parallel beams means that their generated magnetic fields are arranged in such a way that their interaction doesn't significantly counteract the electric attraction.
Opposite Charges Interaction
The interaction of opposite charges is a fundamental principle of electromagnetism. Opposite charges (like in our proton and electron beams) naturally attract each other, leading to an interaction that's crucial for many natural phenomena.

This interaction explains why two beams composed of protons and electrons coming from opposite directions would not simply pass by one another without effect; they would attract each other and move closer. The electric force here is fundamentally different from gravitational or magnetic forces because it acts between the charge carriers due to their opposite nature.

Such interactions are not just transient phenomena. They are responsible for the very structure of matter. At a microscopic level, the attraction between different types of particles helps to form the atoms, and at a more macroscopic level, influences events such as chemical reactions and the behavior of materials in electric fields.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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