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Chapter 9: Problem 12

List five geometric factors measured by analytical gear quality measurement devices.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Five geometric factors measured by analytical gear quality measurement devices are: profile deviation, helix angle deviation, pitch deviation, total pitch deviation, and tooth thickness deviation.

Step by step solution

01

Identify Common Gear Geometric Factors

Gear geometry attributes include parameters such as: profile deviation, helix angle deviation, pitch deviation, total pitch deviation and tooth thickness deviation.
02

Describe the Importance of Each Factor

Profile deviation refers to the variance in a gear tooth profile from its theoretical or intended shape. Helix angle deviation measures how much the spiral angle of the gear deviates from the ideal. Pitch deviation refers to the difference in spacing between the gear teeth compared to its ideal spacing. The total pitch deviation is the aggregate of the pitch deviations across the full gear. Lastly, tooth thickness deviation is the difference in the width of the gear teeth from their ideal dimensions.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Profile Deviation
Profile deviation is a measure of the accuracy of the gear tooth's shape when compared to its intended design. It's crucial in gear manufacturing because even a small error in the tooth profile can result in increased noise, vibration, and premature wear of the gear. This deviation is often measured using a coordinate measuring machine, which carefully checks the gear's teeth against the theoretical profile. For instance, if a gear tooth is too flat or too peaked, this would constitute a profile deviation. Maintaining a low profile deviation helps ensure the gear will operate smoothly and efficiently.
Helix Angle Deviation
Helix angle deviation refers to the variation of the helical twist of the gear teeth from the ideal angle. The helix angle is critical for ensuring smooth meshing between gears, especially in helical gears which have teeth cut at an angle. When the helix angle isn't accurate, it can lead to improper alignment of the engaging gears, resulting in uneven load distribution and potential failure. Measurement of helix angle deviation involves checking the angle of the spiral relative to the gear axis and comparing it with the intended design specification.
Pitch Deviation
Pitch deviation is the differential between the actual distance from one gear tooth to the corresponding point on the next tooth, and the theoretical distance that should exist between these two points. In simpler terms, if the teeth are not spaced exactly as designed, this will be detected as a pitch deviation. This parameter is key as even minute deviations can accumulate over several teeth, leading to a misalignment of the gear's profile and issues such as noise or increased wear. Gear manufacturers pay close attention to this during production to ensure consistent quality and performance.
Total Pitch Deviation
Total pitch deviation carries forward the concept of pitch deviation but applies it to the entire gear circumference. It's the sum of the individual pitch deviations over all the teeth in a gear. By assessing the total pitch deviation, a more comprehensive understanding of the gear's overall dimensional accuracy is gained. This factor is particularly important for ensuring the gear鈥檚 teeth mesh properly with its counterpart throughout multiple engagements and revolutions. A high total pitch deviation could mean that the gear will not rotate as smoothly, and might even jam or wear out more quickly.
Tooth Thickness Deviation
Lastly, tooth thickness deviation is a measure of the variance in the width of the gear teeth from their intended measurement. This factor significantly affects how the gears mesh together; too thick and they may not fit properly between each other, too thin and there may be excessive play leading to inefficiencies and potential damage. It can be caused by a variety of issues in the gear-cutting process such as tool wear or improper tooling set-up. Tooth thickness deviation is checked with precise measuring equipment to ensure that each tooth conforms to strict standards for optimal performance.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A water turbine transmits \(75 \mathrm{~kW}\) of power to a pair of gears at \(4500 \mathrm{rpm}\). The output of the gear pair must drive an electric power generator at \(3600 \mathrm{rpm}\). The center distance for the gear pair must not exceed \(150 \mathrm{~mm}\).

Name three typical steels that are used for flame or induction hardening. What is an important property of such steels?

A pair of gears with \(20^{\circ}\), full-depth, involute teeth transmits \(0.50\) hp while the pinion rotates at 3450 rpm. The diametral pitch is 32 , and the quality number is \(\mathrm{A} 7\). The pinion has 24 teeth, and the gear has 120 teeth. The face width is \(0.50 \mathrm{in}\). The input power is from an electric motor, and the drive is for a small machine tool. The drive is a precision enclosed gear unit.

Determine the power-transmitting capacity for a pair of spur gears having \(20^{\circ}\), full-depth teeth, a diametral pitch of 6,35 teeth in the pinion, 100 teeth in the gear, a face width of \(2.00 \mathrm{in}\), and an AGMA quality class of A11. A gasoline engine drives the pinion at \(1500 \mathrm{rpm}\). The gear drives a conveyor for crushed rock in a quarry. The pinion is made from SAE \(1040 \mathrm{WQT} 800\). The gear is made from gray cast iron, ASTM A48-83, class 30 . Design for 15000 hr life.

What AGMA standard should be consulted for data on the allowable stresses for steels used for gears?
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