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Check the uncertainty principle for the wave function in the equation? Equation 2.129.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Uncertainty of the wave equation p2=mh2

Step by step solution

01

Define the Schrodinger equation

A differential equation that describes matter in quantum mechanics in terms of the wave-like properties of particles in a field. Its answer is related to a particle's probability density in space and time.

02

Determine the uncertainty principle

(x)=尘伪he尘伪xh2when x0

(x)=尘伪he尘伪xh2 whenx0

x=虫唯2dx=0

x2=x22dx=2尘伪h20x2e2尘伪h2dx

x=h42m22

x=h22尘伪

诲唯dx=尘伪h2e尘伪xh2 for x0

诲唯dx=尘伪h2e尘伪xh2 for x0

诲唯dx=尘伪h3(x)e尘伪xh2+(x)e尘伪xh2

d2dx2=尘伪h3(x)e尘伪xh2+尘伪h2(x)e尘伪xh2(x)e尘伪xh2+尘伪h2(x)e尘伪xh2

Here,

(x)=(x),

f(x)(x)=f(0)(x)

(x)+(x)=1

d2dx2=尘伪h32(x)+尘伪h2e尘伪xh2

p=0

p2=h2d2dx2dx

p2=h2mh3emxh22(x)+mhemxh2dx

p2=mh222mh20e2mh2dx

p2=mh21mh2h22m鈥夆赌夆赌夆赌夆赌夆赌夆赌=mh2

p2=mh2

p=mh

xp=h22mmh鈥夆赌夆赌夆赌夆赌夆赌夆赌夆夆夆夆夆=2h2>h2

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Although the overall phase constant of the wave function is of no physical significance (it cancels out whenever you calculate a measurable quantity), the relative phase of the coefficients in Equation 2.17 does matter. For example, suppose we change the relative phase of 1and2in problem 2.5:(x,0)=A[1x+ei2x]Where is some constant. Find (x,t),|x,t|2, and (x), and compare your results with what you got before. Study the special cases =2and=.

This is a strictly qualitative problem-no calculations allowed! Consider the "double square well" potential (Figure 2.21). Suppose the depth V0and the width a are fixed, and large enough so that several bound states occur.

(a) Sketch the ground state wave function 1and the first excited state localid="1658211858701" 2(i) for the case b = 0 (ii) forbaand (iii) for ba

(b) Qualitatively, how do the corresponding energies(E1andE2)and vary, as b goes from 0 to ? Sketch E1(b)and E2(b)on the same graph.

(c) The double well is a very primitive one-dimensional model for the potential experienced by an electron in a diatomic molecule (the two wells represent the attractive force of the nuclei). If the nuclei are free to move, they will adopt the configuration of minimum energy. In view of your conclusions in (b), does the electron tend to draw the nuclei together, or push them apart? (Of course, there is also the internuclear repulsion to consider, but that's a separate problem.)

Show that there is no acceptable solution to the Schrodinger equation for the infinite square well with E=0orE<0(This is a special case of the general theorem in Problem 2.2, but this time do it by explicitly solving the Schrodinger equation, and showing that you cannot meet the boundary conditions.)

In this problem we explore some of the more useful theorems (stated without proof) involving Hermite polynomials.

a. The Rodrigues formula says thatHn()=(1)ne2(d诲尉)ne2

Use it to derive H3 and H4 .

b. The following recursion relation gives you Hn+1 in terms of the two preceding Hermite polynomials: Hn+1()=2尉贬n()2nHn1()

Use it, together with your answer in (a), to obtain H5 and H6 .

(c) If you differentiate an nth-order polynomial, you get a polynomial of

Order (n-1). For the Hermite polynomials, in fact,

dHn诲尉=2nHn1()

Check this, by differentiatingH5and H6.

d. Hn()is the nth z-derivative, at z = 0, of the generating function exp(z2+2z)or, to put it another way, it is the coefficient ofznn! in the Taylor series expansion for this function: ez2+2尉锄=n=0znn!Hn()

Use this to obtain H0,H1and H2.

Solve the time-independent Schrodinger equation with appropriate boundary conditions for the 鈥渃entered鈥 infinite square well: V(x)=0(for-a<x<+a), V(x)=(otherwise). Check that your allowed energies are consistent with mine (Equation 2.30), and confirm that your 'scan be obtained from mine (Equation 2.31) by the substitution x 鈫 (x + a)/2 (and appropriate renormalization). Sketch your first three solutions, and compare Figure 2.2. Note that the width of the well is now 2a.

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