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Electromagnetic waves are waves that propagate through the vacuum of space or through a material medium in varying electric and magnetic fields. They are characterized by their frequency (number of oscillations per second) and wavelength (distance between two consecutive wave crests).

We will list the main types of electromagnetic waves in order of increasing frequency and give at least one useful application for each: 1. Radio waves Frequency: Less than 300 GHz Application: Broadcasting of radio and television signals 2. Microwaves Frequency: 300 GHz - 3000 GHz (3 THz) Application: Microwave ovens, satellite communication, wireless networks 3. Infrared waves Frequency: 3 THz - 400 THz Application: Remote controls for electronic devices, thermal imaging, optical fiber communication 4. Visible light Frequency: 400 THz - 750 THz Application: Vision, color identification, spectroscopy in scientific experiments 5. Ultraviolet light Frequency: 750 THz - 30 PHz Application: Sterilization of medical equipment, detecting forgeries in banknotes, tanning beds 6. X-rays Frequency: 30 PHz - 30 EHz Application: Medical imaging, security screening, analysis of crystal structures 7. Gamma rays Frequency: Greater than 30 EHz Application: Cancer therapy (radiation therapy), detection of radioactive substances, cosmic ray observatories These are the main types of electromagnetic waves arranged according to their increasing frequency and applications for each type of wave.