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Chapter 1: Problem 4

Spacing in this book was generally done in units of points and picas: 12 points \(=1\) pica, and 6 picas \(=1\) inch. If a figure was misplaced in the page proofs by \(0.80 \mathrm{~cm},\) what was the misplacement in (a) picas and (b) points?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Approximately 1.89 picas and 22.68 points.

Step by step solution

01

Convert centimeters to inches

First, convert the misplacement from centimeters to inches. Since 1 inch = 2.54 cm, we have: \[\text{Misplacement in inches} = \frac{0.80 \text{ cm}}{2.54 \text{ cm/inch}} \approx 0.31496 \text{ inches}\]
02

Convert inches to picas

Now, we convert the misplacement in inches to picas. Recall that 6 picas = 1 inch. Therefore:\[\text{Misplacement in picas} = 0.31496 \text{ inches} \times 6 \text{ picas/inch} \approx 1.88976 \text{ picas}\]
03

Convert picas to points

Next, convert the number of picas to points. With 12 points in each pica:\[\text{Misplacement in points} = 1.88976 \text{ picas} \times 12 \text{ points/pica} \approx 22.67712 \text{ points}\]
04

Round the answer properly

Depending on the required precision (which is not specified), it is appropriate to round the answer. For simplicity, we round to two decimal places:\[\text{Misplacement} = 1.89 \text{ picas (in picas)}, 22.68 \text{ points (in points)}\]

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Picas
Picas are a unit of measurement used predominantly in the field of printing and typesetting. One pica is equivalent to 12 points, making it a handy unit for ensuring uniformity and precision in printed works. Because a pica is larger than a point, it provides an intermediate measure that is easier to work with when fine-tuning the layout of text and images on a page. Picas are commonly used for large-scale measurements, such as defining the length and width of columns and the overall page dimensions in print media. Their conversion into points allows for precise adjustments, ensuring text and images are perfectly aligned.
Points
Points are another fundamental unit in the printing industry, particularly used in typesetting. A point is a much smaller measurement compared to a pica, with 12 points making up a single pica. This fine measurement is valuable for specifying the size of fonts and spacing between lines or between characters in a font. A point is 1/72 of an inch, which means precise alterations can be made to the layout and style of printed material. Such fine control is crucial in ensuring text clarity and uniformity across different printing formats and styles.
Centimeters to Inches Conversion
Converting centimeters to inches is a common task in various fields, from printing to general scientific calculations. One inch equals exactly 2.54 centimeters. To convert a measurement from centimeters to inches, divide the number of centimeters by 2.54. For example, a measurement of 0.80 cm converted to inches is calculated as follows:
  • 0.80 cm 梅 2.54 cm/inch = approximately 0.31496 inches
This conversion is often necessary when working with international documents where metric measurements might need to be translated into imperial units for consistency.
Conversion Factors
Conversion factors are essential tools in changing one unit of measurement to another. They act as multipliers that allow conversions by maintaining equivalency between different systems or units. For printing, common conversion factors include:
  • 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
  • 6 picas = 1 inch
  • 12 points = 1 pica
Understanding and using these conversion factors accurately helps in seamlessly converting measurements across different systems, ensuring that the output remains consistent with design specifications and client requirements.
Measurement Units in Printing
Measurement units in printing are crucial for exactness and uniformity in printed materials. Picas and points are traditional units used to ensure the precision of layout elements. These units ensure that:
  • Text is consistently aligned
  • Images and other graphic elements are properly placed
  • Overall page layout is balanced
In addition to picas and points, inches and centimeters can also be used, especially in international contexts where the metric system is predominant. Thus, being adept with these measurement units helps to maintain high standards in print production.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(a) Assuming that water has a density of exactly \(1 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\), find the mass of one cubic meter of water in kilograms. (b) Suppose that it takes \(10.0 \mathrm{~h}\) to drain a container of \(5700 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\) of water. What is the "mass flow rate," in kilograms per second, of water from the container?

A unit of area often used in measuring land areas is the hectare, defined as \(10^{4} \mathrm{~m}^{2}\). An open-pit coal mine consumes 75 hectares of land, down to a depth of \(26 \mathrm{~m},\) each year. What volume of earth, in cubic kilometers, is removed in this time?

The micrometer \((1 \mu \mathrm{m})\) is often called the micron. (a) How many microns make up \(1.0 \mathrm{~km} ?\) (b) What fraction of a centimeter equals \(1.0 \mu \mathrm{m} ?\) (c) How many microns are in 1.0 yd?

Until 1883 , every city and town in the United States kept its own local time. Today, travelers reset their watches only when the time change equals \(1.0 \mathrm{~h}\). How far, on the average, must you travel in degrees of longitude between the time-zone boundaries at which your watch must be reset by \(1.0 \mathrm{~h}\) ? (Hint: Earth rotates \(360^{\circ}\) in about \(24 \mathrm{~h} .)\)

An astronomical unit (AU) is equal to the average distance from Earth to the Sun, about \(92.9 \times 10^{6} \mathrm{mi} .\) A parsec (pc) is the distance at which a length of \(1 \mathrm{AU}\) would subtend an angle of exactly 1 second of arc (Fig. 1-8). A light-year (ly) is the distance that light, traveling through a vacuum with a speed of \(186000 \mathrm{mi} / \mathrm{s},\) would cover in 1.0 year. Express the Earth-Sun distance in (a) parsecs and (b) light-years.
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