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An ant crazed by the sun on a hot Texas afternoon, darts over aplane scratched in the dirt. The and component of four executive darts are the following. All in centimetres:(30.0,40.0),(bx-70.0),(-20.0,cy),(-80.0,-70.0).The overall displacement of the four darts has thecomponents. What are a)and b)? What are c) magnitude and d) angle (relative to the positive direction of theaxis) of the overall displacement?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) Value ofbx is - 70 cm .

(b) Value ofcy is 80 cm.

(c) Magnitude of the overall displacement is 141 cm.

(d) Angle of the overall displacement relative to the x axis is counter-clockwise from the x-axis.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Given data

For consecutive darts, the x and y components are as below:,

(30.0,40.0),(bx,-70),(-20.0,cy),(-80.0,-70.0),

The coordinates of the final displacement vectoris localid="1657021510505" (-140.0,-20.0).

All the coordinates are in centimetres.

02

Determining the concept

Adding vectors in the same direction and equation that to a component of the resultant vector in the same direction. From these missing values of the component can be calculated.

Formulae are as follows:

a+b+c+d=(ax+bx+cx+dx)i^+(ay+by+cy+dy)(i)

R=|R|=(Rx2+Ry2(ii)

=tan-1RyRx(iii)

Where,

Rx,Ry,Rare radius vectors and is the angle betweenRx and Ry.

03

(a) Determination of bx

To find,bxall components of all vectors are needed to be added which is equal to -140.0 because components of resultants are (-140.0m,-20.0m).

For each vector along x-axis,

30.0+bx-20.0-80.0=-140.0bx=-70.0cm

Therefore, the value bxof - 70.0 cm .

04

(b) Determination of cy

The sum of all y components is equal to -20.0 ,because components of resultant are (-140.0m,-20.0m).Therefore,

40.0-70.0+cy-70.0=-20.0cy=80.0cm

Hence,

the value cyof 80.0cm.

05

(c) Determination of magnitude of overall displacement

The magnitude of the resultant displacement(-140,-20.0)is,

(-140)2+(-20.0)2=141cm

Therefore, the magnitude of the overall displacement is 141 cm.

06

(d) Determination of angle of the overall displacement

An overall displacement is in the third quadrant, the angle of the overall displacement is given by,

+tan-1-20.0-140=188

Therefore, the angle of the overall displacement is 188counter clockwise from x axis.

The angle can also be written as360-188=172, in the clockwise direction from x-axis (or-172 in clockwise direction).

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