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Chapter 37: Q38P (page 1148)

Figure 37-27 is a graph of intensity versus wavelength for light reaching Earth from galaxy NGC 7319, which is about 3脳108light-years away. The most intense light is emitted by the oxygen in NGC 7319. In a laboratory that emission is at wavelength 位=513nm, but in the light from NGC 7319 it has been shifted to 525 nm due to the Doppler effect (all the emissions from NGC 7319 have been shifted). (a) What is the radial speed of NGC 7319 relative to Earth? (b) Is the relative motion toward or away from our planet?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The radial speed NGC7319 relative to Earth is 0.023c.

(b) The relative motion is away from our planet.

Step by step solution

01

Identification of given data

The wavelength of light emission in laboratory is 位l=513nm

The shifted wavelength of light emission is 位s=525nm

The speed for the variation in the colour of light from red to green is found by using the formula for Doppler shift.

02

Determination of radial speed for NGC7319 relative to Earth

(a)

The radial speed NGC7319 relative to Earth is given as:

v=位s-位l位sc

Here, c is the speed of light.

Substitute all the values in the above equation.

v=525nm-513nm525nmcv=0.023c

Therefore, the radial speed NGC7319 relative to Earth is 0.023c.

03

Identification of motion of galaxy

(b)

As the line in the graph is shifted toward the larger wavelength, so the relative motion of the NGC7319 is away from our planet.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Spatial separation between two events. For the passing reference frames of Fig. 37-25, events A and B occur with the following spacetime coordinates: according to the unprimed frame,(xA,tA)and role="math" localid="1663045013644" (xB,tB)according to the primed frame,(x'A,t'A) androle="math" localid="1663045027721" (x'B,t'B). In the umprimed frame螖迟=tB鈭�tA=1.00鈥坝约androle="math" localid="1663045143133" 螖虫=xB鈭�xA=240鈥尘.(a) Find an expression forin 螖虫'terms of the speed parameter尾and the given data. Graph螖虫'versus尾for two ranges of尾: (b)0 to0.01and (c)0.1to 1. (d) At what value of尾is螖虫'=0?

A rod lies parallel to the x axis of the reference frame S, moving along this axis at a speed of 0.630c. Its rest length is 1.70 m. What will be its measured length in frame S ?

Superluminal jets. Figure 37-29a shows the path taken by a knot in a jet of ionized gas that has been expelled from a galaxy. The knot travels at constant velocity v鈫� at angle胃 from the direction of Earth. The knot occasionally emits a burst of light, which is eventually detected on Earth. Two bursts are indicated in Fig. 37-29a, separated by timet as measured in a stationary frame near the bursts. The bursts are shown in Fig. 37-29b as if they were photographed on the same piece of film, first when light from burst 1 arrived on Earth and then later when light from burst 2 arrived. The apparent distanceD炉app traveled by the knot between the two bursts is the distance across an Earth-observer鈥檚 view of the knot鈥檚 path. The apparent timeT炉app between the bursts is the difference in the arrival times of the light from them. The apparent speed of the knot is then V炉app=D炉app/T炉app. In terms of v, t, and胃 , what are (a)D炉app and (b)T炉app ? (c) EvaluateV炉app forv=0.980c and 胃=30.0鈭�. When superluminal (faster than light) jets were first observed, they seemed to defy special relativity鈥攁t least until the correct geometry (Fig. 37-29a) was understood.

In Fig. 37-26a, particle P is to move parallel to the x and x' axes of reference frames S and S' , at a certain velocity relative to frame S. Frame S'" width="9">x axis of frame S at velocity v. Figure 37-26b gives the velocity localid="1664359069513" u'of the particle relative to frame localid="1664359072841" S' for a range of values for v. The vertical axis scale is set by ua'=0.800c. What value willu' have if (a)v=0.90c and (b) v鈫�c?

Question: What is尾 for a particle with (a) K=2.00Eoand (b)E=2.00Eo ?
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