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A 68 kgskydiver falls at a constant terminal speed of 59 m/s. (a) At what rate is the gravitational potential energy of the Earth鈥搒kydiver system being reduced? (b) At what rate is the system鈥檚 mechanical energy being reduced?

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The rate at which gravitational potential energy is reduced is -3.9104J/s.
  2. The system鈥檚 mechanical energy is being reduced at -3.9104J/s.

Step by step solution

01

The given data

The Mass of the sky diver is, m=68 kg

The velocity of the skydiver is, v=59 m/s

02

Understanding the concept of energy

The rate of gravitational potential energy is a product of mass, acceleration due to gravity, and velocity. This is used to find the rate of gravitational potential energy.

Formula:

The force of the body using the rate of potential energy, Fx=-d(x)dxx (1)

03

a) Calculation of the rate at which gravitational potential energy is reduced

Using equation (1), the rate at which gravitational potential energy is reduced is given as:

F(x)=dU(x)dtdxdtF(x)=-dUxdtvxF(x)vx=dUxdtmgvx=-dUxdtdUxdt=-68kg9.8m/s259m/sdUxdt=-3.9104J/s

Hence, the value of the rate of energy is -3.9104J/s.

04

b) Calculation of the reduction of the rate of the mechanical energy

Since velocity is constant, the rate of change of kinetic energy is zero.

The rate of mechanical energy is the rate of potential energy.

So, the rate at which the mechanical energy is reduced is -3.9104J/s.

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