Chapter 42: Q14P (page 1303)
What is the binding energy per nucleon of the americium isotope ? Here are some atomic masses and the neutron mass.
Short Answer
The binding energy per nucleon of the americium isotope is 7.52 MeV.
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Chapter 42: Q14P (page 1303)
What is the binding energy per nucleon of the americium isotope ? Here are some atomic masses and the neutron mass.
The binding energy per nucleon of the americium isotope is 7.52 MeV.
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The plutonium isotope is produced as a by-product in nuclear reactors and hence is accumulating in our environment. It is radioactive, decaying with a half-life of . (a) How many nuclei of Pu constitute a chemically lethal dose of? (b) What is the decay rate of this amount?
Under certain rare circumstances, a nucleus can decay by emitting a particle more massive than an alpha particle. Consider the decays
Calculate the Qvalue for the (a) first and (b) second decay and determine that both are energetically possible. (c) The Coulomb barrier height for alpha-particle emission is 30.0 MeV. What is the barrier height foremission ? (Be careful about the nuclear radii.) The needed atomic masses are
Suppose the alpha particle in a Rutherford scattering experiment is replaced with a proton of the same initial kinetic energy and also headed directly toward the nucleus of the gold atom. (a) Will the distance from the center of the nucleus at which the proton stops be greater than, less than, or the same as that of the alpha particle? (b) If, instead, we switch the target to a nucleus with a larger value of Z,is the stopping distance of the alpha particle greater than, less than or the same as with the gold target?
A 75 kgperson receives a whole-body radiation dose of, delivered by alpha particles for which thefactor is 12. Calculate (a) the absorbed energy in joules and the dose equivalent in (b) sieverts and (c) rem.
(a) Show that the total binding energy of a given nuclide is, where, is the mass excess of ,is the mass excess of a neutron, and is the mass excess of the given nuclide. (b) Using this method, calculate the binding energy per nucleon for . Compare your result with the value listed in Table 42-1. The needed mass excesses, rounded to three significant figures, are , , and. Note the economy of calculation that results when mass excesses are used in place of the actual masses.
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