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Chapter 43: Q3Q (page 1329)
Suppose a nucleus 鈥渟wallows鈥� a neutron and then decays not by fission but by beta-minus decay, in which it emits an electron and a neutrino. Which nuclide remains after this decay ?
The nuclide remains after decay is .
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Figure 43-15 shows an early proposal for a hydrogen bomb. The fusion fuel is deuterium,. The high temperature and particle density needed for fusion are provided by an atomic bomb 鈥渢rigger鈥� that involves a orfission fuel arranged to impress an imploding, compressive shock wave on the deuterium. The fusion reaction is
(a) Calculate Q for the fusion reaction. For needed atomic masses, see Problem 42. (b) Calculate the rating (see Problem 16) of the fusion part of the bomb if it contains 500 kg of deuterium, 30.0% of which undergoes fusion.
A thermal neutron (with approximately zero kinetic energy) is absorbed by a238Unucleus. How much energy is transferred from mass-energy to the resulting oscillation of the nucleus? Here are some atomic masses and neutron mass.
A 200 MW fission reactor consumes half its fuel in 3.00 y . How much did it contain initially? Assume that all the energy generated arises from the fission of and that this nuclide is consumed only by the fission process.
Question:(a) A neutron of mass and kinetic energy K makes a head-on elastic collision with a stationary atom of mass . Show that the fractional kinetic energy loss of the neutron is given by .
Find role="math" localid="1661942719139" for each of the following acting as the stationary atom:
(b) hydrogen,
(c) deuterium,
(d) carbon, and
(e) lead.
(f) If K=1.00MeV initially, how many such head-on collisions would it take to reduce the neutron鈥檚 kinetic energy to a thermal value (0.25 eV) if the stationary atoms it collides with are deuterium, a commonly used moderator? (In actual moderators, most collisions are not head-on.)
For overcoming the Coulomb barrier for fusion, methods other than heating the fusible material have been suggested. For example, if you were to use two particle accelerators to accelerate two beams of deuterons directly toward each other so as to collide head-on, (a) what voltage would each accelerator require in order for the colliding deuterons to overcome the Coulomb barrier? (b) Why do you suppose this method is not presently used?
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