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Chapter 36: Q7P (page 1109)
Light of wavelength is incident on a narrow slit. The angle between the first diffraction minimum on one side of the central maximum and the first minimum on the other side is . What is the width of the slit?
The width of slit is .
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Floaters. The floaters you see when viewing a bright, featureless background are diffraction patterns of defects in the vitreous humor that fills most of your eye. Sighting through a pinhole sharpens the diffraction pattern. If you also view a small circular dot, you can approximate the defect鈥檚 size. Assume that the defect diffracts light as a circular aperture does. Adjust the dot鈥檚 distance L from your eye (or eye lens) until the dot and the circle of the first minimum in the diffraction pattern appear to have the same size in your view. That is, until they have the same diameter on the retina at distance from the front of the eye, as suggested in Fig. 36-42a, where the angles on the two sides of the eye lens are equal. Assume that the wavelength of visible light is . If the dot has diameter and is distance from the eye and the defect is in front of the retina (Fig. 36-42b), what is the diameter of the defect?
A diffraction grating has 200 rulings/mm, and it produces an intensity maximum at .
(a) What are the possible wavelengths of the incident visible light?
(b) To what colors do they correspond?
Question:If someone looks at a bright outdoor lamp in otherwise dark surroundings, the lamp appears to be surrounded by bright and dark rings (hence halos) that are actually a circular diffraction pattern as in Fig. 36-10, with the central maximum overlapping the direct light from the lamp. The diffraction is produced by structures within the cornea or lens of the eye (hence entoptic). If the lamp is monochromatic at wavelength and the first dark ring subtends angular diameter in the observer鈥檚 view, what is the (linear) diameter of the structure producing the diffraction?
The two headlights of an approaching automobile are apart. At what (a) angular separation and (b) maximum distance will the eye resolve them? Assume that the pupil diameter is , and use a wavelength of for the light. Also assume that diffraction effects alone limit the resolution so that Rayleigh鈥檚 criterion can be applied.
In Fig. 36-48, let a beam of x-rays of wavelength 0.125 nm be incident on an NaCl crystal at angle 胃 = 45.0掳 to the top face of the crystal and a family of reflecting planes. Let the reflecting planes have separation d = 0.252 nm. The crystal is turned through angle 蠒 around an axis perpendicular to the plane of the page until these reflecting planes give diffraction maxima. What are the (a) smaller and (b) larger value of 蠒 if the crystal is turned clockwise and the (c) smaller and (d) larger value of 蠒 if it is turned counter-clockwise
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