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Chapter 15: Problem 54

Search for information on the power split device for the Toyota Prius and describe how this vehicle coordinates the use of both a gas engine and an electric motor using a planetary gear set.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The Toyota Prius uses a power split device, which is a planetary gear set, to balance the power sourced from the petrol engine and the electric motor. It can allocate more power to the wheels during demanding conditions, or to the generator during low power requirements. The power-split device allows the petrol engine and electric motor to work together when maximum power is needed. Furthermore, the electric motor generates electricity during deceleration or braking to charge the battery through the mechanism called regenerative braking.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Hybrid System

In the case of the Toyota Prius, the hybrid system named as Toyota Hybrid System (THS) / Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) is used. This is a combination of a petrol engine and an electric motor. The power split device plays a pivotal role in managing the power from these two sources.
02

Unravel the Power Split Device

A power split device is a planetary gear set. This gear set divides the power generated by the petrol engine into two. One part directly drives the wheels and the other part drives a generator to produce electricity.
03

Understand Coordination between Gas Engine and Electric Motor

The power split device allows the Prius to balance the power from the gas engine and electric motor. When the car needs to accelerate forcefully, the power split device takes majority of the power from the petrol engine and directs it to the wheels, while the balance power drives the generator to supply the necessary electricity to the electric motor. On the other hand, during the low power requirement, the power split device can direct most of the petrol engine power towards the generator, and the electric motor can take the lead in driving the wheels. The power split device can also allow the petrol engine and electric motor to work together when maximum power is needed.
04

Understand the role of Battery

The electric motor can also act as a generator during deceleration or braking to charge the battery. This is called regenerative braking which helps improve the overall efficiency of the vehicle.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A 17-tooth pinion meshes with an 84-tooth gear. The full-depth involute gear teeth have a \(20^{\circ}\) pressure angle and a diametral pitch of 32 . Determine the arc of approach, arc of recess, arc of action, base pitch, and the contact ratio. Also calculate the addendum, dedendum, circular pitch, tooth thickness, and the base diameter for the pinion and gear. If the center distance is increased by \(0.125 \mathrm{in}\)., what are the new values for the contact ratio and the pressure angle?

A \(4: 1\) speed ratio is to be provided by a pair of spur gears on \(7.5\)-in. centers. Using a diametral pitch of 8 , what are the numbers of teeth and pitch diameters of the two gears?

A planetary train similar to Figure \(15.32\) has a band brake that holds the ring fixed. The sun is driven clockwise at \(800 \mathrm{rpm}\) with a torque of \(16 \mathrm{~N} \cdot \mathrm{m}\). The arm drives a machine. The gears have a module \(m\) of \(2.0\left(\mathrm{~mm} /\right.\) tooth) and \(\phi=20^{\circ}\). The ring has 70 teeth. Only two planets are used, each having 20 teeth. (a) What is the circular pitch \(p\) ? (b) Sketch each member of the train as a free body in equilibrium (neglect gravity loads). (c) What is the output torque? (d) What is the arm rpm? Does it rotate clockwise or counterclockwise? (e) What pitch line velocity should be used in determining the velocity factor for each of the gears? (Hint: The velocity must be determined with respect to the proper member. For example, the appropriate pitch line velocity for the pinion and gear of a simple aircraft engine reduction gear when the plane is doing a "barrel roll" is the velocity with respect to the frame, not with respect to the ground.) (f) What are the nominal radial loads imposed on the bearings supporting each of the gears? (g) What torque must the brake provide in order to hold the ring fixed?

A 32 -tooth gear with an 8-diametral pitch meshes with a 65 -tooth gear. Determine the value of the standard center distance.

A 24-tooth pinion has a module of \(2 \mathrm{~mm}\), rotates \(2400 \mathrm{rpm}\), and drives an \(800-\mathrm{rpm}\) gear. Determine the number of teeth on the gear, the circular pitch, and the theoretical center distance.
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