Using the following definition of the cost of quality:
Quality costs are defined as any expenditures on manufacturing or service in
excess of those that would have been incurred if the product had been built or
the service had been performed exactly right the first time.
\([\) Garvin (1988,78)\(]\)
identify the costs associated with each of the following types of quality
problems:
(a) A flow line with a single-product family where defects detected at any
station are scrapped.
(b) A flow line with a single-product family where defects detected at any
station are reworked through a portion of the line.
(c) A cutting machine where bit breakage destroys the part in production and
brings the machine down for repair.
(d) Steel burners for a kitchen range that are coated with a porcelain that
cracks off after a small amount of use in the field.
(e) A minivan whose springs for holding open the hatchback are prone to
failure.
(f) A cheap battery in new cars and light trucks that fails after about 18
months when the warranty period is 12 months.