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Chapter 1: Problem 1

Explain why measurement standards based on laboratory procedures are preferable to those based on specific objects such as the international prototype kilogram.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Measurement standards based on laboratory procedures are considered more reliable because they are based on constant and universally observed phenomena. While prototype-based standards are easy to understand, they could potentially change due to environmental factors, which can lead to variations in measurements.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Prototype-Based Standards

Prototype-based standards involve having a physical object as the reference point for measurements. This includes the International Prototype of the Kilogram, a cylinder of platinum-iridium alloy kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in France. Any possible changes to the physical properties of the object due to environmental influences would lead to variations in the unit of measurement.
02

Understanding Procedure-Based Standards

Procedure-based standards are based on constant, observable phenomena. An example of this is the definition of the second, based on the radiation frequency of a Cesium-133 atom. Laboratory procedures can be precisely controlled and reproduced universally, making them more reliable and consistent over time.
03

Comparing Prototype- and Procedure-Based Standards

On comparison, while prototype-based standards are easier to understand and use, they run the risk of physical alterations. Procedure-based standards, on the other hand, rely on universal constants, and hence provide more consistent, reproducible and accurate measurements, making them preferable.

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