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Chapter 5: Problem 5

Why do airplanes bank when turning?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Airplanes bank when turning to effectively change the direction of lift and align the plane with the centrifugal force to comfortably make a turn. This eliminates side slip and creates a balance between lift and gravity, maintaining a comfortable environment for the passengers.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the forces on an airplane

An airplane in flight is primarily influenced by four forces: lift, gravity, thrust, and drag. Lift is the upwards force created by the air passing over and under the wings. Gravity, or weight, opposes lift and pulls the plane downwards. Thrust is generated by the engines and pushes the plane forward while drag acts in the opposite direction of the thrust.
02

Comprehend the role of lift in a turn

To turn, an airplane must change the direction of its lift. This is usually achieved by banking, which tilts the wings and hence the direction of the lift. As an airplane banks, the lift becomes tilted so that it has both a vertical component, opposing gravity, and a horizontal component, which is centripetal force. This centripetal force is what changes the direction of the plane's velocity, enabling the plane to turn.
03

Realize why banking is preferred

If a plane were to turn using only its rudder like a boat steers, without banking, it would result in a side-slipping or skidding turn. That's because the lift (which should always act perpendicular to the wings) and gravity would no longer align properly, causing a feeling of being pushed sideways. Banking keeps passengers comfortable by aligning the g-forces with their bodies when making a turn.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A block is shoved up a \(22^{\circ}\) slope with an initial speed of \(1.4 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}\) The coefficient of kinetic friction is \(0.70 .\) (a) How far up the slope will the block get? (b) Once stopped, will it slide back down?

Moving through a liquid, an object of mass \(m\) experiences a resistive drag force proportional to its velocity, \(F_{\mathrm{drag}}=-b v,\) where \(b\) is a constant. (a) Find an expression for the object's speed as a function of time, when it starts from rest and falls vertically through the liquid. (b) Show that it reaches a terminal velocity \(m g / b\).

You're on a plane undergoing a banked turn, so steep that out the window you see the ground below. Yet your pretzels stay put on the seatback tray, rather than sliding downward. Why?

A car moving at \(40 \mathrm{km} / \mathrm{h}\) negotiates a \(130-\mathrm{m}\) -radius banked turn designed for \(60 \mathrm{km} / \mathrm{h} .\) What coefficient of friction is needed to keep the car on the road?

A police officer investigating an accident estimates that a moving car hit a stationary car at \(25 \mathrm{km} / \mathrm{h}\). Before the collision, the car left 47 -m-long skid marks as it braked. The officer determines that the coefficient of kinetic friction was \(0.71 .\) What was the initial speed of the moving car?
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