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Chapter 37: Problem 15

How do type I and type II superconductors differ?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Type I superconductors expel all magnetic field (Meissner effect) and transition abruptly into a superconducting state at one critical temperature. Examples include mercury, lead, and aluminum. Type II superconductors, on the other hand, allow partial penetration of magnetic fields and have two critical temperatures, leading to a gradual transition into the superconducting state. Most high-temperature superconductors, such as YBa2Cu3O7, fall into this category.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying Type I superconductors

Type I superconductors are characterized by the fact that they can conduct electricity without resistance below a certain critical temperature \(T_c\). They abruptly expel all magnetic fields as they transition into the superconductive state, a phenomenon known as the Meissner effect. Examples of Type I superconductors are mercury, lead, and aluminum.
02

Identifying Type II superconductors

Type II superconductors also conduct electricity without resistance, however, they do so below a higher critical temperature compared to type I. Unlike type I superconductors, type II superconductors allow some magnetic field to penetrate through them in a mixed state also below the critical temperature. These materials exhibit a gradual transition into a superconducting state, not an abrupt one. Examples include most high-temperature superconductors, such as YBa2Cu3O7.
03

Comparing Type I and Type II Superconductors

Comparatively, the primary difference between type I and type II superconductors lies in their response to magnetic fields and the nature of their transition to the superconducting state. Type I superconductors abruptly expel all magnetic fields (Meissner effect), and have one critical temperature. Type II superconductors allow partial penetration of magnetic fields and have two critical temperatures, thus leading to a gradual superconducting transition.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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