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Chapter 29: Problem 3

Is there displacement current in an electromagnetic wave? Is there ordinary conduction current?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Yes, there is a displacement current in an electromagnetic wave due to the oscillations in the electric and magnetic fields. No, there is no conduction current in an electromagnetic wave because there are no charge carriers.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Displacement Current

Displacement current is a concept in Maxwell's equations that allow the law of conservation of charge to hold true. It is essentially the derivative of electric field with respect to time and is usually present when there is a changing electric field. In the case of an electromagnetic wave, there is a changing electric field as the wave propagates, and therefore, there is a displacement current.
02

Understanding Conduction Current

In contrast, a conduction current is a current that is carried by conducting materials (or charge carriers), such as metals. For a conduction current to occur, there must be a voltage difference in the circuit, which is not the case in an electromagnetic wave.
03

Applying the Concepts to Electromagnetic Waves

As an electromagnetic wave propagates, it causes oscillations in the electric and magnetic fields. This variation leads to the occurrence of a displacement current. However, there is no conduction current in an electromagnetic wave because there are no charge carriers in the electromagnetic wave to carry out the conduction current.

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