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Chapter 27: Problem 9

List some similarities and differences between inductors and capacitors.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Similarities between inductors and capacitors include their ability to store energy, being passive components and their behaviour in a DC circuit. Differences include their energy storage mediums, the relationship between current and voltage, their reactions to charge buildups and their basic functions.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding of inductors and capacitors

Inductors and capacitors are two types of components used in electric and electronic circuits. They both have energy storing ability but their properties are different. Capacitors stores energy in electric field while inductors stores energy in magnetic field.
02

Listing similarities

1. Both can store energy: Capacitors store energy in an electric field, while inductors store it in a magnetic field.\n2. Both are passive components: They don鈥檛 add energy to the system; they just store it and release it.\n3. In a DC circuit, a perfect capacitor will eventually behave like an open circuit, while a perfect inductor will behave like a short circuit.\n4. Both exhibit reactance, which is frequency dependent, but varies in an opposite manner.
03

Listing differences

1. Current and Voltage relationship: In a capacitor, current leads voltage by 90 degrees, whereas in an inductor voltage leads current by 90 degrees.\n2. Energy Storage: Capacitors store energy in an electric field, whereas inductors store it in a magnetic field.\n3. Charge buildup: On a capacitor voltage can appear/disappear instantaneously, but not the current. Conversely, in an inductor, the current can change instantaneously, but not the voltage.\n4. Basic function: Capacitors oppose change in voltage, whereas inductors oppose change in current.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Show that the volt is the SI unit for the rate of change of magnetic flux, making Faraday's law dimensionally correct. Your result also shows why the unit of flux itself can be expressed as \(\mathrm{V} \cdot \mathrm{s}.\)

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Find the magnetic flux through a 5.0 -cm-diameter circular loop oriented with the loop normal at \(36^{\circ}\) to a uniform \(75-\mathrm{mT}\) magnetic field.
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