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Chapter 20: Problem 9

A spherical balloon is initially uncharged. If you spread positive charge uniformly over the balloon's surface, would it expand or contract? What would happen if you spread negative charge instead?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Whether you spread a positive charge or a negative charge on the balloon's surface, it would expand in both cases due to the repulsive force among the like charges.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the behavior of positive charges

If you spread positive charge uniformly over the balloon's surface, each tiny bit of charge will exert a repulsive force on all the other tiny bits of charge because like charges repel each other. This would cause an outward pressure on the balloon, interior of the balloon tries to balance this by expanding, so it would expand.
02

Understanding the behavior of negative charges

If you spread negative charge over the balloon's surface, similar to the positive charge scenario, each segment of the negatively charged balloon induces a repulsive force on all other bits of charge. The effect of the negative charge distribution is the same as the effect of the positive charge distribution. That is, the balloon would expand as a result of the repulsive forces among the negative charges.

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