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Chapter 20: Problem 11

Why should there be a force between two dipoles, which each have zero net charge?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Although each dipole has zero net charge, the uneven distribution of charge creates 'poles' that interact with other dipoles, giving rise to a force between them. The force can be either attractive or repulsive, depending on the relative orientation of the dipoles.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding an Electric Dipole

An electric dipole consists of two charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign. While the net charge of a dipole is zero, the distribution of positive and negative charge is not even. This creates 'poles' of negative and positive charge within the dipole, which can interact with other electric charges or dipoles.
02

Interaction between Dipoles

When two dipoles are brought close to each other, they will feel a force due to the uneven charge distribution. The negative side of a dipole will feel a force of attraction towards the positive side of the other dipole and vice versa. Similarly, the negative sides (or positive sides) of two dipoles will feel a force of repulsion.
03

Conclusion

Even though each dipole has a net charge of zero, because the charge is not uniformly distributed, there exists a force between two dipoles. This force could be either attractive or repulsive, depending on the relative orientation of the two dipoles.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A charge \(q\) is at the point \(x=1 \mathrm{m}, y=0 \mathrm{m} .\) Write expressions for the unit vectors you would use in Coulomb's law if you were finding the force that \(q\) exerts on other charges located at (a) \(x=1 \mathrm{m}, y=1 \mathrm{m} ;(\mathrm{b})\) the origin; and \((\mathrm{c}) x=2 \mathrm{m}, y=3 \mathrm{m}\) You're not given the sign of \(q .\) Why doesn't this matter?

A \(65-\mu \mathrm{C}\) point charge is at the origin. Find the electric field at the points (a) \(x=50 \mathrm{cm}, y=0 \mathrm{cm} ;\) (b) \(x=50 \mathrm{cm}, y=50 \mathrm{cm}\) and \((\mathrm{c}) x=25 \mathrm{cm}, y=-75 \mathrm{cm}\)

Under what circumstances is the path of a charged particle a parabola? A circle?

A charge \(3 q\) is at the origin, and a charge \(-2 q\) is on the positive \(x\) -axis at \(x=a .\) Where would you place a third charge so it would experience no net electric force?

A typical lightning flash delivers about 25 C of negative charge from cloud to ground. How many electrons are involved?
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