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Chapter 11: Problem 3

You stand with your right arm extended horizontally to the right. What's the direction of the gravitational torque about your shoulder?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The direction of the gravitational torque on the arm extended horizontally is into the plane of the page (or screen), as determined by the right-hand rule.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the direction of force

Gravity always acts vertically downward, toward the center of the Earth. Hence, it would be exerted towards the ground, in a downward direction.
02

Understand the line of action

The line of action of the force of gravity is the line along which the force of gravity acts. In this case, it is a vertical line passing through the centre of mass of the arm and going towards the center of earth.
03

Understand the pivot point and gravitational torque

The pivot point in this case is the shoulder, around which the arm can rotate. Gravitational torque tends to make the arm rotate in a counter-clockwise direction about the shoulder, when viewed from the back.
04

Determine the direction of the gravitational torque

Using the right-hand rule, where you point your thumb in the direction of the line from pivot point to the point where the force being applied, and curl your fingers, the curling of fingers gives the direction of the torque. So, in this case, the curl goes into the plane, the right hand points from the shoulder to the hand, meaning that the direction of the gravitational torque is into the plane of the page (or screen).

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