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Chapter 1: Problem 1

Explain why measurement standards based on laboratory procedures are preferable to those based on specific objects such as the international prototype kilogram.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Measurement standards based on laboratory procedures are preferable to those based on specific objects such as the international prototype kilogram because they are based on unchanging physical constants. Thus, they provide more accuracy and consistency over time and aren't prone to physical changes or damages that an object can undergo.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Two Types of Measurement Standards

There are two types of measurement standards mentioned in the problem: The Object-Based standards and Laboratory-Based standards. The Object-Based standard often refers to a physical object whose properties define the unit. For example, the International Prototype Kilogram stores in the International Bureau of Weights and Measures near Paris. On the other hand, the Laboratory-Based standards do not depend on a physical specimen; instead, they are based on the unchanging aspects of the physical laws of the universe.
02

The Problem with Object-Based Standards

Using specific objects as a standard for measurement is not preferable because over time, these objects can change. For instance, even if stored and handled very carefully, a physical prototype kilogram can experience wear and tear or may accumulate dust and dirt, causing its mass to change slightly over time.
03

The Advantages of Laboratory-Based Standards

Measurement standards based on laboratory procedures are derived from constants of nature which are the same everywhere in the universe and do not change with time. This ensures consistency and accuracy of measurement standards. This makes laboratory-based standards more reliable as their properties do not change over time or due to external factors such as contamination, physical or chemical interactions, environmental conditions, etc.
04

Conclusion

Therefore, it is concluded that laboratory procedure-based measurement standards are preferable because they are defined in terms of unchanging physical constants rather than relying on a physical object that can change over time.

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