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Chapter 12: Problem 33

The specific gravity of material \(Z\) is \(0.52\). Does it sink in or float on gasoline?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Material Z floats on gasoline.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Specific Gravity

Specific gravity is a measure of the density of a material compared to the density of water, which is given as 1. If the specific gravity of a material is less than 1, it means the material is less dense than water and will float in water.
02

Compare Specific Gravity with Gasoline

We know that gasoline has a specific gravity of approximately 0.7. To determine whether material Z will float on gasoline, compare its specific gravity of 0.52 with that of gasoline. Since 0.52 is less than 0.7, material Z is less dense than gasoline.
03

Conclude Material's Behavior in Gasoline

Because material Z has a lower specific gravity than gasoline, it will float on gasoline.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Density Comparison
To determine whether an object floats or sinks in a liquid, you can compare its density to the density of the liquid. Specific gravity is a useful concept here. It gives a ratio of the material's density to the density of water. This comparison tells us:
  • If the specific gravity of an object is less than 1, it means the object is less dense than water and will float in water.
  • If the specific gravity is greater than 1, the object is denser and will sink.
  • When comparing with other liquids, like gasoline, if the specific gravity of the object is less than the liquid, then the object will float on it.
Thus, understanding how density comparison works through specific gravity can help predict the buoyancy of objects in different liquids.
Floating Materials
Floating or sinking depends on the concept of buoyancy. An object will float if it is less dense than the liquid it is placed in. This is why specific gravity is vital. It provides a quick way to know whether an object will float without needing actual density values.
  • Material Z, with a specific gravity of 0.52, demonstrates that it is lighter than both water and gasoline.
  • Any material with a specific gravity less than the liquid's specific gravity will naturally float on it, much like wood on water or oil on vinegar.
Understanding how floating materials work not only helps in academic exercises but also in practical applications, such as choosing materials for buoyancy aids.
Density of Liquids
The density of liquids varies and influences what substances will float or sink. Liquids like gasoline, with a specific gravity around 0.7, have different densities than water (specific gravity of 1) or heavier liquids like syrup.
  • The concept of liquid density not only explains buoyancy but helps in designing and selecting materials for varied applications, such as swimming aids or flotation devices.
  • Knowing that gasoline is less dense than water but denser than most oils helps in understanding industrial processes like oil separation.
  • This concept is key to predicting interactions in nature and industry, such as oil spills in oceans or designing ships and submarines.
Thus, knowing the density of the liquid helps predict what happens when you introduce another material, enabling practical solutions and innovations.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Two identical wires are \(125 \mathrm{~cm}\) and \(375 \mathrm{~cm}\) long, respectively. The first wire is broken by a force of \(489 \mathrm{~N}\). What force is needed to break the other?

Find the mass density of a chunk of rock of mass \(215 \mathrm{~g}\) that displaces a volume of \(75.0 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}\) of water.

Copper has a mass density of \(8890 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3} .\) Find its mass density in \(\mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\).

The specific gravity of material \(X\) is \(0.82\). Does it sink in or float on water?

Granite has a mass density of \(2650 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}\). Find its weight density in \(\mathrm{lb} / \mathrm{ft}^{3}\).
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