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Chapter 9: Problem 142

With propagation of longitudinal waves through a medium, the quantity transmitted is (A) Matter (B) Energy (C) Energy and matter (D) Energy, matter, and momentum

Short Answer

Expert verified
During the propagation of longitudinal waves through a medium, particles in the medium oscillate and transfer energy to neighboring particles, allowing the wave to move through the medium without large-scale transmission of matter or momentum. Thus, only energy is transmitted, making the correct answer (B) Energy.

Step by step solution

01

Define Longitudinal Waves

Longitudinal waves are waves in which the displacement of particles in the medium occurs in the same direction as the wave's propagation. Examples of longitudinal waves include sound waves and some types of seismic waves.
02

Understanding the Mechanism of Wave Propagation

As longitudinal waves propagate through a medium, particles in the medium are compressed and expanded in a back and forth motion along the direction of wave propagation. These particles transfer energy to neighboring particles, causing the wave to move through the medium. Importantly, the particles themselves do not travel along with the wave, but rather oscillate about their equilibrium position.
03

Identify What Is Transmitted

In wave propagation, what is transmitted is the disturbance or oscillation of the particles, not the particles themselves. As longitudinal waves propagate, their main effect is the transfer of energy between particles in the medium. This transfer of energy allows the wave to travel over long distances, even though individual particles only oscillate locally. Since the particles remain in their general vicinity, there is no large-scale transmission of matter in the process.
04

Evaluate the Answer Choices

Now that we have a better understanding of longitudinal waves and the way they transmit energy, we can evaluate our answer choices. (A) Matter - Since the particles in the medium do not travel with the wave, large-scale transmission of matter is not occurring. (B) Energy - This is the correct answer, as longitudinal waves transfer energy between particles in the medium. (C) Energy and matter - This choice would suggest that both energy and matter are being transmitted, which is false as we established that only energy is transmitted. (D) Energy, matter, and momentum - This choice adds momentum into the mix, but we have already established that only energy is transmitted during wave propagation.
05

Conclusion

With longitudinal wave propagation through a medium, it is the energy that gets transmitted and not the matter or momentum. Therefore, the correct answer is (B) Energy.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A cylindrical tube, open at both ends has a fundamental frequency, \(f\) in air. The tube is dipped vertically in water so that half of it is in water. The fundamental frequency of the air-column is now (A) \(f\) (B) \(f / 2\) (B) \(3 f / 4\) (D) \(2 f\)

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