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The same mass of copper is drawn into two wires \(1 \mathrm{~mm}\) and \(2 \mathrm{~mm}\) thick. Two wires are connected in series and current is passed through them. Heat produced in the wire is in the ratio (A) \(2: 1\) (B) \(1: 16\) (C) \(4: 1\) (D) \(16: 1\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The ratio of heat produced in the two wires is 4:1 (option C). This is calculated using the formula for heat produced, \(H=I^2*R*t\), along with the formula for resistance, \(R=\frac{\rho*L}{A}\). After finding the resistance of both wires, we can compute the heat produced in each and determine the ratio.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the resistance of each wire

We will first find the resistance of each wire using the formula: $$ R=\frac{\rho*L}{A} $$, where R is the resistance, 蟻 (rho) is the resistivity of copper, L is the length of the wire, and A is the cross-sectional area of the wire. We are given that the thicknesses of the wires are 1 mm and 2 mm, so the cross-sectional areas will be: $$ A_1 = \pi (0.5 \times 10^{-3})^2 $$ $$ A_2 = \pi (1 \times 10^{-3})^2 $$ Let's assume that both wires have the same mass m. We know that mass = volume 脳 density, and volume = area 脳 length, so: $$ m = A_1*L_1*\rho_c = A_2*L_2*\rho_c $$ Here, 蟻_c is the density of copper (which is a constant), so it cancels out: $$ \frac{A_1}{A_2} = \frac{L_2}{L_1} $$ Since $$ \frac{A_2}{A_1} = 4 $$ We conclude that $$ \frac{L_1}{L_2} = 4 $$ Now, we can calculate the resistance of both wires, using the given resistivity of copper 蟻, and substituting the cross-sectional areas and lengths into the resistance formula: $$ R_1 = \frac{\rho*L_1}{A_1} = 4 *\rho*\frac{L_1}{\pi*(0.5\times10^{-3})^2} $$ $$ R_2 = \frac{\rho*L_2}{A_2}= \rho*\frac{L_1}{\pi*(1 \times 10^{-3})^2} $$
02

Calculate the heat produced in each wire

Now, we will use the heat produced formula \( H=I^2*R*t \) for each wire: $$ H_1 = I^2*R_1*t = 4*I^2*\rho*L_1*\frac{t}{\pi*(0.5 \times 10^{-3})^2} $$ $$ H_2 = I^2*R_2*t = I^2*\rho*L_1*\frac{t}{\pi*(1 \times 10^{-3})^2} $$
03

Find the ratio of heat produced in both wires

Finally, we will find the ratio of heat produced in both wires: $$ \frac{H_1}{H_2} = \frac{4*I^2*\rho*L_1*\frac{t}{\pi*(0.5 \times 10^{-3})^2}}{I^2*\rho*L_1*\frac{t}{\pi*(1 \times 10^{-3})^2}} $$ Some terms get canceled out, and we have: $$ \frac{H_1}{H_2} = \frac{4}{1} $$ Thus, the heat produced in the wires is in the ratio 4:1, which corresponds to option (C).

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